stolypin's land reforms Flashcards
what did Stolypin want to produce?
more kulaks-wanted to win their loyalty to tsardom and use them to improve agriculture and create an internal market for the products of industry
stolypin wanted peasants to become?
permanent owners of their land
stolypin intended that each peasants land should be held in one piece rather than ?
scattered strips and that each peasant should be able to develop it as they wished without interference from the mir
his programme for agricultural reform began in?
1903- not until 1905 after the unrest + violence and stolypin’s promotion that major changes were undertaken
-demanded complete transformation of the communal pattern of Russian rural life
what prompted the Russian gov to look more closely at agriculture?
the 1891-92 famine
peter Stolypin who became prime minister in? believed?
1906 , believed that peasant prosperity was the key to political stability and thought his land reforms would transform russia into a stable and prosperous country
his reforms carried out from 1906-1911 aimed to?
- allow peasants to leave the mir- to consolidate their strips of land into a single unit
-reduce the power of the mir
-redistribution of land of some nobles
-help go-ahead peasants to buy land from less enterprising peasants and create larger, more efficient farms
over the next few years there was a transfer of?
land from the poorer peasants to the more enterprising
legislation in September 1906
more state and crown land is available for peasants to buy
legislation in October 1906
peasants are granted equal rights in their local administration
legislation in November 1906
peasants given right to leave the commune
collective ownership of land by a family is abolished
A new peasants’ land bank is established to help peasants fund their land ownership
when are redemption payments finally abolished -as promised in 1905?
1 January 1907
June 1910 legislation
all communes which had not redistributed land since 1861 are dissolved
stolypin said to have claimed that he needed how many years of peace for his reforms to have an effect?
20 years
the hereditary ownership of land by peasants increased from how much?
20% in 1905 to nearly 50% by 1915
grain production rose annually how much from 1900 to 1914?
56 million tons in 1900 to 90 million by 1914
by when did Russia become the world’s leading cereal exporter
by 1909
stolypin’s encouragement to emigration took how many peasants away from the over-populated rural districts of the south and west to siberia?
3.5 million peasants
limitations- changes in land tenure arrangements
took a long time to process and the measures were not entirely successful
by 1913, only how many of the 5 million applications for the consolidation and hereditary of tenure of individual farms had been dealt with?
only 1.3 million
by 1914 how much land had been transferred from communal to private ownership
only around 10%
in 1914 how much percent of peasant landholdings were still traditional strips with reluctant peasants reluctant to give up traditional practice + security the mir provided for them?
90%
landowners were often?
reluctant to give up land and difficulties of dividing common land= legal battles
how much % of land remained in the hands of the nobility?
50%
fewer than how much % recieved kulak status?
fewer than 1%
