Stokes And Cerebral Infection

Question 1

What is a transient ischaemic attack (TIA)

Answer 1

A temporary disturbance to cerebral blood flow producing Neurological deficits

• Mini stroke fully resolved in 24 hours
• Brain cells injured but not dead
• abrupt onset
• often precursor to complete stroke
• 1/3 of patients who experience TIA will have a CVA within 5 years

Question 2

What are some warning signs if a TIA

Answer 2

Sudden onset of=

• numbness of face, arm or leg especially on one side of the body
• confusion, trouble with speaking or understanding speech
• difficulty seeing with one or both eyes
• difficulty walking, dizziness, loss or f balance or coordination
• severe headache with no known cause

Question 3

How to differentiate between a transient ischaemic attack and a stroke

Answer 3

Always treat it as a stroke unless all symptoms have completely resolved
Patients with TIA still need to go to hospital

Question 4

What is a cerebral vascular accident (CVA) AKA stroke and the two types

Answer 4

Blood supply to a portion of the brain is interrupted and death of nervous tissue occurs
Two categories
1. Ischaemic
2.haemorrhagic

Question 5

What is an ischaemic stroke

Answer 5

Interruption to cerebral blood flow by blood vessel occlusion either from 1. Atherosclerotic thrombus 2. Embolus this blockage causes the brain to be deprived of oxygen

Question 6

What is a atherosclerotic thrombus

Answer 6

Narrowing of the arterial vessel eventually forms a focus area for a clot to form preventing blood flow or a plaque ruptures

Question 7

What is a embolus

Answer 7

A small clot from diseased carotid vessel or clots originating from the heart
Air,fat and tumour tissue which is “formed somewhere else and then traveled to the brain”

Question 8

What is an Haemorrhagic stroke

Answer 8

• Usually intracranial or subarachnoid
• high risk patients include history of high blood pressure
• as a result a small blood vessel deep within the brain rupture

Question 9

What is a Cerebral haemorrhage and what is it associated with

Answer 9

A rupture in a blood vessel usually in the brain

Commonly associated with hypertension

Question 10

What is an Intracerebral haemorrhage and it’s most common causes

Answer 10

When there is a diseased blood vessel that bursts within the brain which causes an increase in
12% less common then ischaemic pressure with the brain causes damage to the brain cell
Hypertension is the most common cause

Question 11

What is a subarachnoid haemorrhage and it’s common causes

Answer 11

• occurs when a blood vessel just outside the brain ruptures which causes blood to fill the skull =sudden intense headache

Most commonly caused by abnormalities of the arteries at the base of the brain cell cerebral aneurysm