Pharmacology

Question 1

What are the three types of medications names

Answer 1

1.Chemical E.g H2O
2.Approved (Generic)
E.g paracetamol, acetaminophen
3.Proprietary (Trade or brand name)
E.g Panadol, Pamol, Crocin,Metacin, Meftal, Tylenol

Question 2

What do we have to find during the drug check?

Answer 2

1.No impurities: unsealed packaging, discolouration of liquid
2. Generic name
3. Dose
4. Volume
5. Concentration
6. Expiry date
E.g Methoxy 3ml expires 7/4/2022

Question 3

What is D.E.C.C.A.S

Answer 3

D.Drug and Dose
E. Expiry
C. Consent
C. Contradictions
A. Allergies
S. Side effects

Question 4

What are the 9 rights

Answer 4

1. Right Patient
2. Right Medication
3. Right Dose
4. Right Route
5. Right Time

Question 5

Ibuprofen Presentation, indication, Contradictions ?

Answer 5

Presentation
- 200mg tablet, 20mg/ ml.
Indications
-Mild pain in combination with paracetamol, Particularly soft tissue pain, musculoskeletal pain and headache,moderate/severe pain in addition to other measures
Contraindications
-know severe allergies, Third trimester of pregnancy

Question 6

Ibuprofen Administration?

Answer 6

Dose= 600mg (adult-> over 80kg)
-400mg (Adult -> under 80kg)
Onset=30-60 minutes 
Duration=4-6 hours
Common Adverse Effects 
-Renal Impairment
-Increased bleeding (interactions with warfarin)
-Indigestion

Question 7

Paracetamol Presentation, Indications, Contraindications

Answer 7

Presentation
=500mg tablet, 50mg/ml
Indications 
= mild to moderate pain, usually in combination with other medications, may be administered if addition to other medications for severe pain. Particularly if the transport time is long. Not a priority but will reduce the need for subsequent analgesia and improve the quality of pain relief 
Contradictions 
=Known severe allergy

Question 8

Paracetamol Administration

Answer 8

Dose=1.5g (adult->more then 80kg)-1g (adult->less then 80kg)-see paediatric dosing (always round down)
Onset= 30-60 minutes
Duration=4-6 hours
Common Adverse Effects= none

Question 9

Tramadol Presentation, Indications, Contradiction

Answer 9

Presentation
-50mg tablets
Indications 
-aged greater than or equal to 12 years with moderate to severe pain (usually in combination with paracetamol and/or ibuprofen) particularly if there is no one to administer fentanyl and/or ketamine
Contradictions 
- Known severe allergie

Question 10

Administration of tramadol

Answer 10

Dose=50mg (patients old then 12)- swallow with water
Onset= 30-60 minutes 
Duration=4-8 hours
Common Adverse side effects
-nausea/vomiting 
-lightheadedness 
-sedation 
-dry mouth