Spinal cord injury (SCI)

Question 1

What are some mechanics of injury resulting from spinal cord injury’s

Answer 1

Hyperflexion 
Hyperextension
Compression
Subluxation 
Distraction

Question 2

What is a primary injury from a spinal cord injury

Answer 2

Direct result of MOI -the direct and irreversible injury to the spinal cord tissue as a result of the physical forces

Question 3

What is the the immediate secondary injury of spinal cord injury

Answer 3

Immediate- from the time of injury till 2 hours after, ionic dysregulation, swelling & haemorrhage = interruption of blood flow-> ischemia to surrounding tissue, increase in size of injury

Question 4

What is the acute secondary effects of a spinal cord injury

Answer 4

Ca+ cascade -> cell death

Excitotoxicolgy-> cell membrane dysfunction-> cell dysfunction/death

Free radicals-such as radical oxygen species are released. These are cytotoxic elements that contribute to further cellular death

Question 5

Complete SCI results in total disruption of the sensory nerves distal to the point of injury can cause what symptoms

Answer 5

Anaesthesia- total loss of sensation
Paraesthesia- altered sensation= burning, pins & needles, numbness
Hypoesthesia- reduced/attenuated sensation
Dysesthesia- painful or unpleasant sensation

Question 6

What’s the difference between paresis and plegia

Answer 6

Paresis = muscle weekness 
Plegia= paraysis

Question 7

What is a Spinal cord injury to T1-L5 called

Answer 7

Para= total or partial loss of the torso and legs

Question 8

What is a spinal cord injury to C4-C8 called

Answer 8

Quad= paralysis of all 4 limbs

Question 9

What is a spinal cord injury to C1-C4

Answer 9

Tertra- all four limbs

Question 10

What injury too spine causes respiratory issue

Answer 10

If it’s C1 or C2 there is no respiration’s

Or if it’s C3,4 &5 which keep the diaphragm alive causing diaphragmatic