Stoichiometry and gas laws test Flashcards
What are strong acids?
Acids that completely break apart in water(opposite of what it sounds like)
What are electrolytes?
Substances thay form ions when dissolved in water
Why do real gases approach ideality at low pressure and high temperature?
High temp means particles move faster and are more likely to overcome attractive forces and low pressure means particles are spready apart and less likely interact
How do you know if substances form ions in water?(act as electrolytes)
Covalent-form ions
Ionic-Does not form ions
What do a and b stand for in Van der Waals equation for one mole of a real gas?
a=attraction
b=volume
Whay determines attraction and volume?
More atoms and more polarity= more attraction
More atoms/size=more volume
What is the kinetic molecular theory?
In gases, particles
- Are very small
- Have negligable volume
- Are in constant motion and colliding
- Neither attract nor repel each other
- Have an average KE=Kelvin tenperature
What is an ideal gas?
A gas obeying the kinetic molecular theory, and is non polar at high pressure and low temperature
Kinetic molecular theory: When a gas balloon is cooled, it shrinks in volume; this occurs no matter what gas is placed in the balloon
The decrease in temp means a decrease in average KE, reducing collisions to maintain lressure equilibrium with the atmosphere, reducing the volume
Kinetic molecular theory: When NH3 gas is introduced at one end of a long tube while HCl gas is introduced simultaneously at the other end, a ring if ammonium chloride is oberserved to form after a few minutes closer to the HCl end, why?
HCl is heavier so it effuses slower
Kinetic molecular theory: a flag waves in the wind
Gases are in constant motion and collision, transfer of KE from wind
Why would Na2SO4 be a better conductor than NaCl?
It has more ions
What is the variation of the root mean square formula and what is it for?
Kinetic energy=3/2RT
What unit must m be in in the root mean square formula?
Kg
