Kinetics, Equilibrium, Acid/base test

Question 1

What is the formula for rate expression of products and reactants?

Answer 1

Reactant:
-(1/coefficient)•(🔼concentration/🔼time)

Product: (1/coefficient)•(🔼concentration/🔼time)

Question 2

What is the rate law for a 0 order reaction?

Answer 2

rate=k

Question 3

What is the integrated rate law for a 0 order reaction?

Answer 3

{A}final=-kt+{A}initial

Question 4

What is the Half life formula for a 0 order reaction?

Answer 4

half life={A}/2k

Question 5

What is the rate law for a first order reaction?

Answer 5

rate=k{A}

Question 6

What is the integrated rate law for a first order reaction?

Answer 6

ln({A}final{A}initial)=-kt

Question 7

What is the half life formula for a first order reaction?

Answer 7

Half life=.693/k

Question 8

What is the rate law for a 2nd order reaction?

Answer 8

Rate={A}^2

Question 9

What is the integrated rate law for a second order reaction?

Answer 9

1/{A}final=kt+1/{A}initial

Question 10

What is the half life formula for a second order reaction?

Answer 10

1/k•{A}initial

Question 11

When dealing with a number of half lives passing and not given a period of time or a specific half life, what do you do?

Answer 11

Original amount\2^(# of half lives)

Question 12

What is the rate equation?

Answer 12

rate=k•(concentration of not cancelled out reactants)

Question 13

What step determines the rate?

Answer 13

the slowest step

Question 14

What do you tell if something is/isnt a single step reaction in terms of rate?

Answer 14

See if a reactant is missing from the rate formula

Question 15

What is the formula for converting Kc to Kp

Answer 15

Kp=Kc(RT)^🔼n

Question 16

How is ka/kb related to acid/base strength?

Answer 16

Higher=Stronger

Question 17

How are Ka, Kb, and Kw related?

Answer 17

Ka•kb=kw

Question 18

What is kw, ka, and kb?

Answer 18

Kw: equilibrium constant for water

ka: acid dissociation constant
kb: base dissociation constant

Question 19

How are pKa, pKb, and pKw related?

Answer 19

pKa•pKb=pKw

Question 20

How do you calculate %ionization?

Answer 20

%ionization={H+}eq/{HA}initial •100

Question 21

How are pKa and pKb related to pH and pOH?

Answer 21

At equilibrium:
pKa=pH
pKb=pOH

Question 22

What is a Lewis Acid and base?

Answer 22

Acid-Electron pair acceptor

Base-Electron pair donator

Question 23

What is an industrial use of catalysts?

Answer 23

Iron used to make ammonium from hydrogen and nitrogen

Question 24

How do you get the exponents for a rate expression?

Answer 24

Look at equation, or look at order

Question 25

What is a diprotic acid?

Answer 25

An acid with two H’s

Question 26

Which acids have the strong conjugate bases?

Answer 26

Weak acids

Question 27

When adding a strong acid to a substance, how do you determine if it will make it more or less soluble?

Answer 27

Break apart main substance, add H+. If you get a strong acid after adding H+, it’s less soluble than before, if you get a weak acid, its more soluble than before

Question 28

What is the formula for calculating K with ka/kb/kw?

Answer 28

Kc=Ka•Kb•(1/Kw)

Question 29

What do graphs tell you about rxn order?

Answer 29

Graphing concentration vs time results in a straight line with a negative slope=0 order

Graphing ln(concentration) vs time results in a straight line with a negative slope=1st order rxn

Graph 1/concentration vs time results in a straight line with a negative slope=2nd order

Question 30

How do slopes of concentration graphs relate to k?

Answer 30

Slope=-k for 0 and 1st order rxns

Slope=k for 2nd order rxns