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Phase 3a Obstetrics + sexual health > STIs > Flashcards

STIs Flashcards

1
Q

What are RF for STIs?

A

<25y/o
Unprotected sex
Sexually active
IV DU
Partner with STI
Immunosuppression
Low socioeconomic status
MSM/Anal

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2
Q

What is the Diagnosis screen for catching STI in men?

A

first catch Urine mc+s

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3
Q

What is the Diagnosis screen for catching STI in women?

A

Triple swab (high vaginal NAAT, endocervical NAAT + endocervical charcoal)

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4
Q

What age is a sexual health screen done and how often?
What do they test for?

A

16-25 y/o
sexually active people annual elective testing
Neisseria Gonorrhoea and Chlamydia trachomatis

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5
Q

If someone is found to have CT or NG, how far back do they contact trace?

A

CT = contact trace 6 months
NG = Contact trace 2 months
offer test

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6
Q

what is the MC STI in the UK?

A

Chlamydia

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7
Q

What type of organism is Chlamydia?

A

gram Negative cocci

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8
Q

What are Sx of chlamydia?

A

-Dysuria (pain urinating)
-Purulent discharge (smelly)
-cervicitis (PC + IM)
-Proctitis (inflammation of rectum lining)
-Fever

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9
Q

Dx of chlamydia?

A

NAAT
High vaginal swab

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10
Q

What is the Tx for chlamydia?

A

10mg PO BD Doxycycline for 7 days

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11
Q

Tx for chlamydia in pregnancy?

A

1g azithromycin 1 day then 2 days 500mg BD

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12
Q

What is Doxycycline CI and why?

A

CI in breastfeeding as it can cause fetal teeth discolouration

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13
Q

What are some complications of chlamydia?

A

-PID
-Lymphogranuloma venerum
-Opthalmia neonatorum (purulent discharge 1-2 weeks post birth)
-Infertility
-Reactive arthritis

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14
Q

What type of organism is gonorrhoea?

A

gram negative diplococcus

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15
Q

Sx of gonorrhoea?

A

dysuria
green odourless urethral DC
Cervicitis
proctitis
fever

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16
Q

Dx and Tx of gonorrhoea?

A

Dx = NAAT

Tx = IM Ceftriaxone 1g stat

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17
Q

Complications of gonorrhoea?

A

-Opthalmia neonatorum - emergency eye care <48h birth
-Infertility
-Reactive arthritis
-Gonococcal sepsis
-Disseminated gonococcal infection (2^ care, skin and joint involvement)

18
Q

What is the MC STI worldwide?

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

19
Q

What type of organism is trichomonas?

A

pear shaped flagellated Protozoa

20
Q

Sx of TRICHV?

A

Urethritis
yellow frothy DC
Strawberry cervix (colpitis macularis)
cervicitis

21
Q

Dx of TrichV?

A

speculum = strawberry cervix
Triple swab - need to do a wet mount swab
may also show high pH like BV (>4.5ph)

22
Q

Tx for TrichV?

A

PO 400mg BD Metronidazole 7 days

23
Q

What want be taken with metronidazole and why?

A

don’t drink alcohol as it induces severe hypotension and N+V

24
Q

What does HSV 2 stand for?

A

Herpes simplex virus

25
Q

What does HSV 2 cause?
Sx?

A

Genital ulcers + herpes whitlow (painful infection on finger), and keratitis
+/- LNadenopathy (inguinal)

26
Q

Dx and Tx for HSV 2?

A

Dx = PCR
Tx = PO Acyclovir 400mg TDS for 5 days

27
Q

how is HSV 2 spread?

A

mucus membranes contact

28
Q

what is the physiology of HSV and what Sx does it cause as a result?

A

viral infection - latent in sensory nerve ganglia
trigeminal - cold sores
sacral - genital

29
Q

Which strains of human papilloma virus (HPV) cause genital issues?

A

6 + 11

30
Q

What are the Sx of HPV 6 + 11?

A

Genital warts (painless)

31
Q

Tx for HPV 6+11 Genital warts?

A

Podophyllotoxin cream
Imiquimod cream

32
Q

Can HPV be prevented and with what?

A

Gardasil HPV vaccine

33
Q

What other HPVs are there and what are they associated with?

A

HPV 16+18 = cervical Ca

34
Q

What type of organism is syphillus from?

A

Treponema Pallidum (-ve spirochaete)

35
Q

What are stage 1 syphillus Sx?

A

Painless chancre (lesion) - ulceration at genitals, over vulva

36
Q

What are stage 2 syphillus Sx?

A

Chancre resolves then:
-snail track ulcers
-diffuse rash (macular pop)
-condyloma lata
-patchy alopecia

37
Q

What are stage 3 syphillus Sx?

A

Severe, advanced:
Gummatous lesions = benign hamartous, widespread
CV = AAA, AD
Neuro = Tabes dorsalis (locomotor ataxia - DCML + Cerebellar)
Psychosis, depression, dementia
Argyll Robertson pupils (accommodate but don’t react)

38
Q

Dx of syphillis?

A

serology = VDRL, EIA, TPPA
Triple swab and PCR

39
Q

Tx for syphillis?
stage 1 and 3

A

IM Benzathine penicillin (penV)
1 = 1.8g stat
3 = 3 x 1dose/week

40
Q

Complications of syphillis?

A

High HIV transmission risk

Garish herxheimer reaction (<24hr acute Sx worsening after Tx - likely contents spilling into blood)

Phase 3a Obstetrics + sexual health (15 decks)

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