Steroids

Question 1

STEROIDS: Corticosteroids

types (2), function (3)

Answer 1

• mineralcorticoids
• glucocorticoids
• fluid & electrolyte
• metabolism
• immune function

Question 2

STEROIDS: Sex

testosterone effect #1 - (2)

testosterone effect #2 - (2.2)

testosterone effect #3 - (1)

Answer 2

ANDROGENIC
- enhance male secondary characteristic (bulk, mass)

ANABOLIC
- mass: hypertrophy (inc bulk), hyperplasia (inc cells)
- strength: inc Ca release from sarcoplasmic reticuluum, inc Ca sensitivity of contractile proteins

ERGOGENIC
- inc performance

Question 3

STEROIDS:

anti catabolic effect (2)

catabolism sx (4)

Answer 3

ANTI-CATABOLIC EFFECT
- no breakdown
- proteolysis

CATABOLISM
- muscle weakness, wasting
- osteoporosis
- vertebral compression fx

Question 4

STEROIDS: Cortisol Effects

glucose - main (2), glycogen what, what happens in liver (4), in other tissues (1.3) + where specific

Answer 4

inc in blood glucose & glycogen

• glycogen: blood in liver
• inc protein synthesis, glycogen synthesis, glycogen storage, gluconeogenesis (new sugar)
• other tissues: dec uptake & utilization of glucose (otherwise DM & Htn), inc lipolysis, inc proteolysis, inc fat deposition into abdominal adipose tissue

Question 5

STEROIDS: Cortisol Effects

inflammatory - inhibit (3), vasowhat

Answer 5

anti-inflammatory
- inhibits eicosanoids (prostaglandin thromboxanes leukotrines), chemotaxin
- stabilize lysosomes: if breakdown = release inflammatory substances
- vasoconstriction = trap inflammation & less blood go there

Question 6

STEROIDS: Cortisol Effects

immune - (4.3)

inhibit what pathway & therefore

enhance what (2) = (1) = (1)

— immune: BELM

Answer 6

immunosuppression
- dec: basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes
- inc: RBC, platelet, neutrophils

inhibit both cyclooxygenase & lipoxygenase pathway = better than NSAIDS & aspirin (only COX)

enhance Na & H2O reabsorption = fluid = edema

Question 7

STEROIDS:

injection onset

Answer 7

days to weeks

Question 8

STEROIDS: Adverse Effects

cushing’s sx (5)

Answer 8

• centripetal obesity
• hyperglycemia, Htn
• moon facie, buffalo hump

Question 9

STEROIDS: Adverse Effects

adrenocortical suppression sx (9)

Answer 9

• anorexia, weight loss, nausea, vomit
• lethargy, headache, fever
• muscle & joint pain
• postural hypotension

Question 10

STEROIDS: Adverse Effects

peptic ulcer - condition, pathology (1=1)

eyes (2)

other (2)

Answer 10

peptic ulcers
- gastritis
- inhibit COX1 = bye protective prostaglandin (aspirin)

• glaucoma: pressure in eyes
• cataract: clouding
• growth retardation
• delusion of persecution

Question 11

STEROIDS: Preparation

short acting, intermediate, long - duration, example (1.2.1)

Answer 11

SHORT ACTING
- 8-12h
- corti

INTERMEDIATE ACTING
- 12-36h
- predni, lone

LONG ACTING
- 36-72h
- sone

Question 12

STEROIDS: Neuropathic Pain

tricyclic antidepressants - drug + effect, side effect (5)

Answer 12

• ami: inc descending inhibitory
• anti-cholinergic side effects: drowsy, dry mouth, blur, constipation, diff urine

Question 13

STEROIDS: Neuropathic Pain

anti-convulsant - drugs (4), side effects (4)

Answer 13

• pregabalin, gabapentin, carbamazepine, Na valproate
• side effects: dizzy, blur vision, stomach discomfort, fatigue