Steroid 3 Flashcards
What are the three main types of sex hormones?
- Estrogens
- Progestins
- Androgens
These hormones play critical roles in various physiological processes.
What is the chemical structure of Estradiol?
OH O CH
CH3
Estradiol is a form of estrogen.
What is the chemical structure of Progesterone?
O CH3
CH3
Progesterone is a key progestin hormone.
What are stilbenes in the context of sex hormones?
- Estradiol
- Cis-diethylstilbesterol
Stilbenes are a class of compounds related to estrogen activity.
What are triphenylethylene anti-estrogens?
- Enclomiphene
- E isomer of Clomiphene
- Tamoxifen
These compounds act as anti-estrogens in therapeutic contexts.
What are aromatase inhibitors used for?
Inhibit the aromatase enzyme to reduce estrogen production
Aromatase inhibitors are important in treating hormone-sensitive cancers.
What is the significance of 17-acetoxyprogesterone?
A derivative of progesterone used in various therapeutic applications
It is part of the pregnane derivatives.
What is the structure of 19-norprogesterone?
O CH3
CH3
O
19-norprogesterone is a modified progestin.
What is 5-dihydrotestosterone (DHT)?
A potent androgen derived from testosterone
DHT plays a critical role in male development and hair loss.
What are anabolic androgens?
Synthetic derivatives that promote muscle growth
Examples include Oxandrolone.
What is the function of synthetic anti-androgens like Finasteride?
Inhibit androgen activity to treat conditions like hair loss and prostate enlargement
Finasteride specifically blocks the conversion of testosterone to DHT.
Fill in the blank: The hormone _____ is primarily responsible for the maintenance of pregnancy.
Progesterone
True or False: Estrogens are primarily male sex hormones.
False
What are the key roles of androgens in the body?
- Development of male characteristics
- Regulation of hair growth
- Muscle mass maintenance
Androgens also influence libido and bone density.
What are the metabolic pathways for sex hormones?
- Conversion to active metabolites
- Excretion
Metabolism affects the bioavailability and efficacy of these hormones.
Fill in the blank: _____ is a common anti-estrogen used in breast cancer treatment.
Tamoxifen
What is the role of progestin antagonists?
Block the effects of progesterone in the body
They can be used in reproductive health treatments.
What is the chemical modification in 17-propionate testosterone?
Addition of a propionate group to testosterone
This modification alters its pharmacokinetics.
