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Conservation > Sterilization and Storage > Flashcards

Sterilization and Storage Flashcards

1
Q

What is sterilisation?

A

Sterilisation is the process in which all living microorganisms including spores are killed

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2
Q

What is sterilisation assurance level?

A

Device is free from microorganisms defining on probability that the viable microbes on the instrument is less than or equal to 1 in a million

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3
Q

Name 3 general methods of sterilization

A
  1. Physical
  2. Chemical
  3. Physio-Chemical
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4
Q

Name 2 types of chemical sterilization

A
  1. Liquids (alcohols, halogens)

2. Gaseous (Formaldehyde, Ethylene oxide)

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5
Q

Name 5 types of physical sterilization

A
  1. Sunlight
  2. Heat (dry or moist)
  3. Vibration
  4. Radiation (ionizing or non-ionizing)
  5. Filtration (asbestos, membrane)
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6
Q

Describe how sterilization is generally carried out in dentistry

A
  • Moist heat in autoclave
  • Saturated steam under pressure
  • 98% steam or 2% water
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7
Q

Name 5 advantages of steam sterilization

A

1, Rapid heating and penetration of load

  1. Rapid destruction of microorganisms
  2. No toxic residues
  3. Low cost process
  4. Easily controlled and monitored
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8
Q

Name 5 phases of steam sterilization

A
  1. Heating
  2. Air removal
  3. Sterilisation
  4. Evacuation and cooling
  5. Drying
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9
Q

Name 4 factors which affect sterilization

A
  1. Amount of organic material
  2. Number of microorganisms
  3. Type of microorganisms
  4. Steam quality
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10
Q

Name 5 instrument factors which affect sterilisation

A
  1. Rough pitted surfaces
  2. Lumens
  3. Hinges
  4. Heat sensitive devices
  5. Over packing
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11
Q

Name 3 methods of air removal in autoclave

A
  1. Downward gravity displacement
  2. Vacuum removal
  3. Pulse
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12
Q

What is Type N Bench-Top Sterilizer?

A

Non-vacuum sterilisers for non-wrapped solid instruments where air removal is passive displacement by steam

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13
Q

What is Type B Bench-Top Sterilizer?

A

Vacuum air actively removed reprocess load trays such as hollow, air retentive packaged loads

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14
Q

What is Type S Bench-Top Sterilizer?

A

Vacuum or pulse system, specifically designed to reprocess specific load types

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15
Q

Describe 3 parameters of the sterilisation phase

A
  1. Temperature at 134 - 137 C
  2. Pressure at 2.0 - 2.3 bar
  3. Holding time of 3 minutes
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16
Q

Name 3 things to check to ensure the steriliser is safe to use

A
  1. Compliant with safety requirements
  2. Installed, commissioned, validated and maintained
  3. Operated in accordance with manufacturer’s instruction
17
Q

Describe 4 important features of loading a steriliser

A
  1. Hinges instruments opened
  2. Gallipots should be inverted to allow draining
  3. Instruments not touching
  4. Placed across tray so steam touches every surface
18
Q

What is the difference between sterile and sterilized?

A

Sterile - Device wrapped prior to sterilisation in Type B, intact packaging and correct storage means can be kept for 1 year
Sterilised - Unwrapped device, processed through steam steriliser, however on completion of cycle, sterility is not maintained

19
Q

Name 3 sterilised instrument storage options

A
  1. Clean lockable lidded box and used in that same day
  2. Stored in clean box in clean cupboard in LDU for up to a week
  3. Aseptically bagged and kept up to 1 year
20
Q

Describe the ideal components of a storage area

A
  • Separate from clinical area
  • Easily cleaned
  • Appropriately designed to prevent damage to packs
  • Stored above floor level away from sunlight and water
21
Q

Name 4 types of recontamination of instruments which can occur if packaging is compromised

A
  1. Dust
  2. Aerosols
  3. Contaminated hands
  4. Moisture
22
Q

Name 6 things found in log books

A
  1. Details of machine and location
  2. Commissioning report
  3. Test sheets (daily, weekly, quarterly, annually)
  4. Fault history sheet
  5. Staff training records
  6. Contacts
23
Q

Name 2 ways recording cycles can be done for a steriliser

A
  1. SD card

2. Printer

24
Q

Name 5 daily tests which should be carried out on steam autoclaves

A
  1. Automatic control test
  2. Safety checks
  3. Remove chamber furniture and wipe
  4. Fill paper in printer
  5. Steam penetration (B and S)
25
Q

Name 2 weekly autoclave tests which should be carried out

A
  1. Air leakage (B and S)

2. Residual air (S and N)

26
Q

Name 3 things to check before using an instrument with regards to sterilisation

A
  1. Packaging is intact or if in contained has remained covered
  2. Sterilisation indicator confirms pack has been sterilised
  3. Free from visible contamination

Conservation (27 decks)

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