stereotyping and social cognition Flashcards
define social cognition.
adopting methods and models of cognitive psychology and applying them to social psychology.
what are stereotypes and prejudice by-prodcuts of…
normal thinking.
state key concepts of stereotyping and social cognition.
- limited attentional capacity
- categorical thinking
- confirmatory bias
- cognitive misers
define stereotypes.
- consensually shared definitions held by members of. group
- inaccurate, unrealistic generalisations, or accurate??
- theory that guides thoughts and behaviours
- mental shortcuts
describe non-reactive methodology.
- implicit measures = priming and reaction times
state the two different types of priming.
subliminal
supraliminal (unconscious)
give evidence for priming and RTs effects on stereotyping.
- faster reaction times for shooting armed black targets.
how does Sts affect where attention is directed?
more likely to attend to consistent info than irrelevant info.
how does ST effect how we categorise and interpret?
- video of Hannah either as working class or wealthy
- if seen as wealthy = ‘high ability in school, most answers were correct”.
opposite for lower class.
explain the ultimate attribution error.
- positive in-group/ negative outgroup behaviour is attributed to internal stave states e.g our team wins because we are brilliant.
- positive outgroup / negative ingroup behaviour attributed to unstable situational causes e.g. our team lost due to an injury / off-day.
how can ST affect our remembering and recall?
make us misremember aspects of someone previously informed to fit into Sts they now hold of that person, known as memory intrusions.
give evidence that ST can effect how we gather information.
- P’s falsely led to believe interviewee was intro/extroverted.
- selected questions from prepared list.
- chose questions that confirmed expectations.
give evidence for ST effecting self-fulfilling prophecy.
- white P’s played interviewer for black and white confederates, more negative style when interviewing blacks.
- whites receiving ‘black’ treatment judged interviewees performance as must worse than whites receiving ‘white’ treatment.
state benefits of ST.
- mental shortcuts e.g. helps classify people quickly, logical simplifications, energy saving devices
give evidence that shows ST can be beneficial.
priming STs gave people faster RTs and better recall overall meaning more attentional capacity.
