Steps In Designing & Implementing Psychological Research

Question 1

Number 2 doing psych

Answer 1

Discovering what influences how individuals feel, think, behave

Question 2

Number 3 doing psych

Answer 2

Determining the consequences of how ppl feel, think, behave (manipulation, experimental design)

Question 3

Number 4 of doing psych

Answer 3

Exploring ppl perspectives and meanings they attach to things (qualitative data, interview)

Question 4

Number 5 of doing psych

Answer 4

Examining how ideas events and things are represented in language and made sense of (discourse analysis approach, interviews etc)

Question 5

Research involves

Answer 5

Asking questions and making predictions. Gathering data. Generating explanations

Question 6

Epistemology is

Answer 6

Theory of knowledge

Question 7

Two types of epistemological frameworks:

Answer 7

Positivism

Empiricism

Question 8

Positivism is the

Answer 8

The belief that there is an objective and knowable world

Question 9

Empiricism

Answer 9

Gathering knowledge via the senses. Or facts from experience.

Question 10

Hypothetico-deductivism

Answer 10

Deductive…using the scientific method to reduce to supporting a hypothesis prediction. Not actually proving a theory but gathering support for it

Question 11

What is the 1st in the 5 criteria that apply to the statement of a hypothesis?

Answer 11

1. Stated on declarative form (declaring something)

Question 12

2nd criteria for a hypothesis

Answer 12

2. Posits a relationship (usually casual) between variables

Question 13

Number three of required criteria of a hypothesis

Answer 13

Reflects theory or body of literature

Question 14

Number 4 & 5 criteria of a hypothesis

Answer 14

Brief

Testable

Question 15

IV is

Answer 15

What we manipulate

Question 16

DV

Answer 16

Influenced by the IV and what we measure

Question 17

In True experiments levels of the IV are determined by the

Answer 17

Researcher

Question 18

Conclusions of true research are

Answer 18

Change of the IV CAUSES A CHANGE IN THE DV

Question 19

In quasi-experiments levels of the IV variable are

Answer 19

Pre-existing

Question 20

Conclusion of quasi-experiments

Answer 20

IV is related to the DV

Question 21

Where we don’t have random assignment we have a

Answer 21

Quasi-experiment. Ie movies and experts (pre-existing groups)

Question 22

Directional hypotheses are the most

Answer 22

Powerful but we need more research backing for these

Question 23

What are the 4 types of measurement?

Answer 23

Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio

Question 24

To operationalise our variable it means…

Answer 24

How we are going to turn them into numbers

Question 25

Non parametric tests are

Answer 25

Nominal ordinal

Question 26

Parametric tests are

Answer 26

Interval ratio

Question 27

Nominal is

Answer 27

Categorical - have no set rank order (can be numbers)

Question 28

Ordinal is

Answer 28

Categories rank ordered low - high

How much difference there is btwn categories cannot be measured!

Question 29

Interval is

Answer 29

Categories ranked from low to high in meaningful way.
Amount of diff btwn categories can be specified
Ie IQ

Question 30

Ratio is

Answer 30

Scales -start at 0

Ie age and income

Question 31

Which level of measurement is best

Answer 31

Ratio - provides no solid info

Question 32

What is probability sampling

Answer 32

Liklihood of any one member of pop being selected is known

Question 33

Non-probability sampling

Answer 33

The likelihood of selecting any one member from the pop is not known

Question 34

What are the 4 types of probability sampling?

Answer 34

Simple random sampling
Systematic sampling
Stratified sampling
Cluster sampling

Question 35

What is 1 of the five tasks involved in doing psychology?

Answer 35

Examining how individuals feel, think and behave (observation)