STEP 2 - UWORLD part 3 Flashcards
inspiratory strider in FBAO
extrathoracic - call GI
expiratory wheeze in FBAO
intrathroacic - call pulm
+ coin sign on lateral
its in the trachea
stepwise asthma tx
SABA then ICS then increase the ICS then SABA (LTA at ICS or not)
person who’s asthma is not controlled, what next
make sure they’re using inhaler correctly
tx for bronchiolitis
nothign, SABA, steroids, abx doesn’t work - O2 and IVF if really bad
child who is <2 with wheezing and dyspnea in the winter
bronchiolitis
meconium ileus on day of birth is what disease
CF
diverticulosis vs diverticulitis bleeding
none in -itis, only in -osis
treatment for severe babiosis with anemia
exchange trasnfusion
complex vs simple seizure
complex - LOC
simple - no LOC
generalized simple seizure - what dx?
think pseudoseizure
simple vs complex febrile seizures
simple - 1 per 24 hours, duration <15 mins, generalized (if any one absent, go to complex)
complex - probably not febrile (do EEG, LP, etc) treat as epilepsy
treatment for febrile seizures - complex vs simple
simple - acetaminaphen
complex - bzd
<1 yo symmetrical jerking with hypsarrhythmia on EEG with no fever
infantile spasm, tx with ACTH
infantile spasm is most associated with what disease
tuberous sclerosis
cosyntropin is also knonw as
ACTH
sebasceous adenoma is connected with what peds disease
tuberous sclerosis
blood disorders with SLE are what kind of hypersensitivity
type 2 - hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia, leukopenia
volar displaced radius fracture
smiths - fall on outstretched hand in volarflexion
lab to monitor for spetic arthritis tx
CRP
GI bacterial overgrowth in systemic sclerosis - tx
MTZ
renal problems coocurring with septic arthritis
serum A amyloidosis (look for proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome)
pt who has TRAP+, elevated alk phos and increased CKBB and decreased hemotocrit and hemoglobin
osteopetrosis
increased ESR, WBCs and decreased Hgb in a child with wht probable bone problem
Ewing sarcoma
who is predisposed to drug induced lupus
slow acetylators
night stick fracture
monteggia - strike up the proximal ulnar side of forearm
renal problem with “wire loop” lesions
SLE class 4 lupus nephritis
membranous glomerulonephritis in lupus
class 5
impaired delivery of NaCl to the macula densa results in what production and outcome
PGE2 -> stimulates renin release, electrolyte derangement
how do sulfonyureas work
increase insulin secretion by closing ATP-gated K channel in pancreatic beta cell membranes which causes Ca2+ channels to open and release insulin
trying to diagnose meckles in a teenager - what scan is best
CT > technetium-99
Apt test
fetal maternal blood swallowing
erisypelas is MCC by
s pyogenes
heart problem in infants where mom already had diabetes before conception
transposition of the great vessels
what does a VSD sound like
holosystolic murmur at the left sternal borner
increase what in ToF
SVR
MCC of erythema nodosum
strep pharyngitis
painful erythemetous nodules on the anterior portion of the tibia
erythema nodosum
clicky hip in newborn that is still there at 4 weeks
DDH - do u/s
treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip
harness
6 year old with antalgic gait and doesn’t want to put weight on a leg
Legg-Calve-Perthes
treatment for LCP disease
casting
13 year old with non-traumatic joint pain
slipped cap - get a frog leg XR
hip pain in a child after a viral illness
transient synovitis - supportive care, come back in 2 days
osteocondrosis other name
osgood slatter
pin point tenderness in a teenage athlete
osgood slatter/osteochondrosis
teenage girl with dyspnea and one shoulder is higher than the other
scoliosis
translocation of 11;22 with a an onion skin appearance on the mid shaft of the femur
Ewing sarcoma
sunburst pattern on the distal femur and Rb gene
osteosarcoma
leukocyte alkaline phosphate - CML vs leukemoid reaction
low in CML - because it shows neutophil activity and they aren’t doing a whole lot in CML
BZD you should use in etoh withdrawl
Lorazepam becuase its good with Liver dysfunction
pt with profound hypotension after an OD - what to give
glucagon
cataracts day one vs not day one
day one - TORCH
not day one - galactosemia
treatment for torsades de pointes
mg2+
dysmorphic RBCs or RBC casts
glomerular nephritis
imaging for reflux in peds
VCUG
imaging for kidney stones
non con CT
PUV is most similar to what adult condition
BPH
what will you see on u/s for UPJO
hydroureter not hydronephrosis
child with recurrent UTI and pyelo, u/s shows hydro
vesiculouretral reflex
no urine on day one
PUV
female child who is never dry, constant urinary leak
ectopic ureter
child pt has had 1 UTI vs 4?
1 - do an u/s
2+ - do VCUG
pain after mass diuresis like first etoh consumption in teenager
UPJO - diagnose with u/s
B12 deficiency looks exactly like what chldhood genetic disease
friedrichs ataxia
normal hgb
alpha2 beta2
embyonic hgb
alpha2 delta2
fetal hgb
alpha2
acute chest is what
pulmonary embolism - give exchange transfusion
treatment for CVA in someone SS disease
exchange transfusion
recurrent sinopulmonary infections with no IgA, IgG
XLA - Brutons
anaphylaxis to a transfusion
IgA deficiency
XLA presentation but in a teenager, not a baby
CVID
child with frequent fungi and PCP infx with low set eats and small face
DiGeorge - give the missing thymus and Ca
Eczema and low platelets in a child
Wiskott Aldrich
cellular failure in CGD
macrophages
giant granules in neutrophils
chediak higashi
spontaneous non-drug related angioedema
C1esterase
type of cancer in cervical cancer
SCC
type of cancer in endometrial cancer
adenocarcinoma
treatment for endometrial cancer
total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingoophorectomy
types of chemo used in gyne cancers
platinum agents
young person with endometrial cancer - look for what
PCOS or granulosa-theca cell tumor
treatment for endometrial hyperplasia
progesterone therapy
type of cancer most likely in ovarian cancer
epithelial
how to track progress of dysgerminoma of ovary
LDH
MC occurence of germ cell tumors
adolescent female
treatment for germ cell tumor in female
unilateral salpingoophorectomy
serous, mucinous, endometriod and BRenners cancers are what
cystadenoma carcinoma of the ovarian epithelial cell
post menopausal woman with ascites with no liver disease
epithelial cell ovarian cancer
stromal cell tumors
granulosa theca and sertoli-leydig
granulosa cell tumor has what
estrogen
sertoli leydig tumor has what
testosterone
MC ovarian mass in adolescent/young girl
granulosa theca
grape like mass in uterus
DES in utero
MCC of sudden onset DOE in someone with COPD
ruptured alveolar bleb
symmetrically enlarged uterus that is tender, boggy and globular
adenomyosis
urine pH >8 suggests what
urease + bacteria like proteus or klebsiella
cancers associated with lynch syndrome
colorectal
endometrial
ovarian
cancers associated with FAP
colorectal, osteomas, brain
cancers associated with von Hippel Lindau
hemangioblastomas, RCC, pheo
cancers associated with MEN1
parathyroid, pituitary, pancreatic
cancers associated with MEN2
medullary thyroid, pheo, parathyroid hyperplasia
first line meds for hypertensive emergency in pregnancy
labetolol unless HR <60 then hydralazine
treatment for postpartum endometritis
clindamycin and gentamicin
child with cyanotic heart problem and seizures and sinusitis
brain abscess from hematogenous spread of sinusitis bacteria
earliest renal dysfunction in diabetes pts
glomerular hyperfiltration
mammary pagets disease is what kind of cancer
adenocarcinoma
next step in suspecting GBS
spirometry to assess lung function - even if it seems like breathing is fine, if breathing is not fine, intubate
ipratropium is what kind of medicaiton
antimuscarinic
Highest risk for LV thrombus post STEMI
large anterior ST elevation MI
limb ischemia after MI suggest what
arterial embolus from LV
increase the murmur of HOCM
valsalva