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First aid drugs > Step 1 ANS drugs > Flashcards

Step 1 ANS drugs Flashcards

1
Q

bethanechol uses

A

postoperative/neurogenic ileus, urinary retention

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2
Q

bethanechol mechanism

A

cholinomimetic

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3
Q

carbachol uses

A

glaucoma, pupillary contraction, IOP relief

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4
Q

carbachol mechanism

A

direct cholinomimetic

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5
Q

pilocarpine mechanism

A

direct cholinomimetic

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6
Q

pilocarpine uses

A

glaucoma (in emergencies, especially narrow angle), potent stimulator of sweat, tears, saliva

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7
Q

methacholine mechanism

A

direct cholinomimetic

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8
Q

methacholine use

A

challenge test for asthma

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9
Q

neostigime mechanism

A

cholinesterase inhibitor

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10
Q

neostigime uses

A

myasthenia gravis, postoperative blockade reversal, urinary retention

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11
Q

pyridostigime mechanism

A

cholinesterase inhibitor

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12
Q

pyridostigmine uses

A

myasthenia gravis (doesn’t penetrate CNS)

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13
Q

edrophonium mechanism

A

cholinesterase inhibitor

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14
Q

edrophonium use

A

short acting, diagnosis of MG

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15
Q

physostigime uses

A

glaucoma, atropine overdose

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16
Q

physostimine mechanism

A

cholinesterase inhibitor

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17
Q

echothiophate mechanism

A

cholinesterase inhibitor

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18
Q

echolthiophate use

A

glaucoma

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19
Q

cholinomimetic toxicity

A

brochospasm (exacerbate COPD, asthma), peptic ulcers

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20
Q

antidote to cholinesterase poisoning

A

atropine and pralidoxime

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21
Q

tropicamide use

A

eye dilation

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22
Q

muscarinic antagonists

A

atropine, homatropine, tropicamide, scopolamine, ipratropium, oxybutynin, glycopurrolate, methscopolamine, pirenzepine, propantheline

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23
Q

scopolamine use

A

motion sickness

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24
Q

ipratropium use

A

asthma, COPD

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25
Q

oyxbutinin use

A

reduce urgency in cystitis; reduce bladder spasms

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26
Q

methscopolamine, pirenzepine use

A

peptic ulcer treatment (reduces secretions)

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27
Q

atropine toxicity

A

dry as a bone, hot as hair, blind as a bat, red as a beet, mad as a hatter, can cause acute angle closure glaucoma, urinary retention in med with BPH, hyperthermia in infants (sympathetic and blocks sweat glands)

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28
Q

hexamethonium mechanism

A

nicotinic antagonist

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29
Q

hexamethonium use

A

experimental (ganglion blocker–prevents reflex bradycardia)

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30
Q

hexamethonium toxicity

A

severe orthostatic hypotension, blurred vision, constipation, sexual dysfunction

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31
Q

pancuronium, tubocurarine mechanism

A

nictotinic antagonists

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32
Q

epinephrine mechanism

A

sympathetomimetic (beta more than alpha)

33
Q

epinephrine uses

A

cardiac arrest, anaphylasis, glaucoma (not narrow angle), hypotention

34
Q

norepinephrine mechanism

A

sympathetomimetic. (alpha more than beta)

35
Q

norepinephrine uses

A

hypotension (but decreases renal perfusion)

36
Q

isoproterenol mechanism

A

sympathetomimetic (beta only)

37
Q

isoproternol uses

A

rarely for AV block

38
Q

dopamine mechanism

A

sympathomimetic (dopamine receptors most, then beta then alpha), at high levels, inotropic and chronotropic

39
Q

dopamine uses

A

shock (increases renal perfusion), heart failure

40
Q

dobutamine

A

sympathetomimetic (beta1 more than beta 2); inotropic but not chronotropic

41
Q

dobutamine uses

A

heart failure, cardiac stress testing

42
Q

phenylephrine mechanism

A

sympathetomimetic; alpha selective (alpha 1 more than alpha 2)

43
Q

phenylephrine uses

A

pupillary dilation, vasoconstriction, nasal decongestion

44
Q

metaproterenol mechanism

A

sympathetomimetic, selective beta 2

45
Q

albuterol mechanism

A

selective beta 2 agonist

46
Q

metaproterenol use

A

asthma (acute)

47
Q

albuterol use

A

asthma (acute)

48
Q

salmeterol mechanism

A

selective beta 2 agonist

49
Q

salmeterol use

A

long term asthma treatment

50
Q

terbutaline mechanism

A

selective beta 2 agonist

51
Q

terbutaline use

A

reduce premature uterine contractions

52
Q

ritodrine mechanism

A

beta 2 agonist

53
Q

ritodrine use

A

reduce premature uterine contractions

54
Q

amphetamine mechanism

A

indirect sympathetomimetic, releases stored catecholamines

55
Q

amphetamine uses

A

narcolepsy, obesity, ADD

56
Q

ephedrine mechanism

A

indirects sympathetomimetic, releases stored catecholamines

57
Q

ephedrine use

A

nasal decongestio, urinary incontinence, hypotension

58
Q

cocaine mechanism

A

NE reuptake inhibitor

59
Q

cocaine use

A

vasoconstriction and local anesthesia

60
Q

clonidine mechanism

A

alpha 2 agonist, decrease adrenergic outflow

61
Q

clonidine uses

A

hypertension, especially in renal disease because doesn’t decrease flow to kidney

62
Q

alpha methyldopa mechanism

A

central alpha 2 agonist, decreases adrenergic outflow

63
Q

methyldopa use

A

hypertension, especially in pregnancy

64
Q

phenoyxbenzamine mechanism

A

irreversible alpha blocker

65
Q

phentolamine mechanism

A

reversible alpha blocker

66
Q

phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine uses

A

pheochromocytoma before surgery

67
Q

phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine toxicity

A

orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia

68
Q

prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin mechanism

A

alpha 1 selective blockers

69
Q

zosin uses

A

hypertension, urinary retention in BPH

70
Q

zosin toxicity

A

1st dose orthostatic hypertension. dizziness, headache

71
Q

mirtazapine mechanism

A

selective alpha 2 blocker

72
Q

mirtazapine use

A

depression

73
Q

mirtazapine toxicity

A

increase appetite, serum cholesterol; sedation

74
Q

non-selective beta blockers

A

propanolol, timolol, nadolol, pindolol

75
Q

selective beta 1 blockers

A

acebutolol, betaxolol, esmolol, atenolol, metoprolol

76
Q

nonselective alpha and beta blockers

A

carvedilol, labetalol

77
Q

partial beta agonists

A

pindolol, acebutolol

78
Q

beta blocker toxicity

A

impotence, asthma exacerbation, bradycardia, AV block, CHF, sedation, sleep alterations

79
Q

propanolol additions effect

A

decreases peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

First aid drugs (10 decks)

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