Stemscopes unfamiliar words Flashcards
Replication
When DNA copies its genetic info before it divides
Gametes
A sex cell (sperm or egg) that will meet with the other to form a zygote
Genome
The complete set of all genetic info in an organism
zygote
The cell formed when a sperm and egg cell meet
Homologous chromosomes
A pair of chromosomes that have the same genes in the same order
Haploid cell
A cell with one pair of chromosomes
Diploid cell
A cell with 2 pairs of chromosomes
Base pairing/complementary pairing
A unit in DNA where to complementary bases (AT, CG) are paired together
Nucleid acid
A type of molecule that stores genetic information in cells.
Substrate
The chemical reaction that an enzyme speeds up
Prokaryotic cell
A cell that doesn’t have a cell and membrane-bound organelles
Eukaryotic cell
A cell that has a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
Binary fission
Cell division of prokaryotic cells
Spindle fibers
Proteins structures that help divide cells during mitosis and meiosis.
Centriole
An organelle that aids in cell division, the organelle that is found at the ends of spindle fibers
Centromere
The part that joins 2 chromosomes together.
Chromatin
DNA that is tightly wrapped that forms chromosomes.
Somatic cell
Any cell that is not a sex cell (is not part of the germ line)
