Stems

Question 1

Name 3 funxtiond of the stem…

Answer 1

1. Provides support for leaves and flowers
2. Provide structural stability
3. Provide means of transporting water, nutrients, and food around the plant

Question 2

Name 3 forms of stem…

Answer 2

Branches

Trunks

Shoots

Question 3

Where are stems formed from?

Answer 3

Buds

Question 4

Name 2 types of bud

Answer 4

Apical bud

Axillary bud

Question 5

What colour are newly formed stems usually?

Answer 5

Green

Question 6

Name 4 stem adaptions…

Answer 6

Bulb

Stolon

Rhizome

Tendril

Question 7

What is a bulb?

Answer 7

A compressed stem that stays underground

Question 8

What is the name of a compressed stem adaption that stays underground?

Answer 8

A bulb

Question 9

What is a stolon?

Answer 9

A stem that runs along the ground and can root at it snodes

Question 10

A stem adaption called that runs along the ground and can root at its nodes?

Answer 10

A stolon

Question 11

What is a rhizome?

Answer 11

A stem that develops underground and can root at its nodes

Question 12

What is the stem adaption called that develops underground and can root at its nodes?

Answer 12

A rhizome

Question 13

What is a tendril?

Answer 13

A modified stem adapted for climbing

Question 14

What is the name of a modified plant, used for climbing?

Answer 14

A tendril

Question 15

What is the main difference between stems of Herbaceous and woody plants?

Answer 15

The positioning of the xylem, phloem and cambium

Question 16

In Herbaceous stems, what is arranged around then?

Answer 16

Several vascular bundles

Question 17

In woody stems, what is around the stems?

Answer 17

Rings

Question 18

Where is the epidermis?

What does it for.

Answer 18

Outer layer of cells for protection

Question 19

What is the pith?

What is its purpose?

Answer 19

Loosely packed cells at the centre of the cells

The main function is to store food

Question 20

Where is the vascular cambium?

Answer 20

Between the xylem and phloem

Question 21

What’s the purpose of phloem in stems?

Answer 21

To transport food from where its manufactured in the leaves to all other parts of the plant

Question 22

What does xylem in stems do?

Answer 22

Transports water and nutrients absorbed by the roots to all other parts of the plant

Question 23

What tissue makes up the wood in woody plants?

Answer 23

Xylem

Question 24

Name 4 additional tissues in a woody stem…

Answer 24

Cork

Cork cambium

Medullary rays

Lenticel

Question 25

What is Cork?

Answer 25

Equivalent of the epidermis on Herbaceous stems

Mainly dead cells, which protect the stem

Question 26

What is Cork cambium?

Answer 26

A layer for cells that produces Cork as the stem expands due to defendant growth

Question 27

What are medullary rays?

What is their purpose?

Answer 27

Groups of cells that originate from the vascular vambium and run ar right angles to the stem

Their purpose is to transport water and nutrients across the atem

Question 28

What is the lenticel?

Answer 28

A pore in the Cork cells that allows oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapour to enter or leave the plant - similar to stomata

Question 29

What is bark?

Answer 29

Cork, Cork cambium and phloem

Question 30

What is sapwood?

Answer 30

Outer layers of xylem, active in transporting water and nutrients (the sap) through the plant

Question 31

What is heartwood?

Answer 31

Made up of inner layers of xylem used to contain waste products of the plant such as resins