Stem Cells in dentistry

Question 1

What is a totipotent cell?

Answer 1

fertilised egg and first 4 cells of embryo

Question 2

what is are the features of a pluripotent cells?

Answer 2

can differentiate in to almost anything

Question 3

Give an example of a pluripotent cell?

Answer 3

embryonic cell

Question 4

What type of stem cell is found in bone marrow and dental tissue mesenchyme?

Answer 4

multipotent stem cells

Question 5

What is the potential of multipotent stem cells?

Answer 5

can differentiate in to more than one specialised cell type

Question 6

Name the 5 types of dental stem cells?

Answer 6

1. Dental pulp
2. Human Exfoliated deciduous teeth
3. Periodontal
4. dental follicle
5. Apical papilla

Question 7

What is the physiological use of dental pulp stem cells?

Answer 7

source of odontoblasts to produce tertiary dentine in injury

Question 8

What is disadvantage of dental pulp stem cells?

Answer 8

poor osteogenic potential

Question 9

When translplanted with HA carrier what will dental pulp cells form?

Answer 9

dentine-pulp like matrix

Question 10

What is are the key features of SHED cells?

Answer 10

1. highly proliferative
2. good osteogenic potential
3. can form dentine-pulp like complex
4. neural regeneration

Question 11

What specialised cell types can form from periodontal ligament stem cells?

Answer 11

cementoblasts, firbroblasts, osteoblasts

Question 12

Which dental stem cells exhibit the greatest plasticity?

Answer 12

dental follicle stem cells

Question 13

Where are dental follicle stem cells taken from?

Answer 13

impacted third molars

Question 14

what structure can stem cells from apical papilla be used to produce?

Answer 14

ROOT DENTINE

Question 15

What stem cells can be used to produce a biological root?

Answer 15

apical papilla stem cells, PDL stem cells, SHED, DPSC

Question 16

What are the challenges of isolating stem cells?

Answer 16

1. location
2. maintaining steminess
3. lack of specific stem cell markers
4. large numbers of stem cells required for therapy

Question 17

Which structures are stem cells often found close to?

Answer 17

Vasculature and neuronal sheath

Question 18

What components are required for tissue engineering and organ replacement?

Answer 18

1. multipotent adult stem cells
2. signalling molecules/ morphogenetic signals
3. growth factors
4. biodegradable scaffold

Question 19

what are the required components to be engineered in PDL therapy?

Answer 19

epithelial seal,
alveolar bone,
acellular cementum,
sharpy fibres embedded in cementum and PDL,
gingival tissues

Question 20

What is the method for PDL therapy?

Answer 20

1. isolate PDL and dental follicle stem cells
2. expand in vitro
3. transplant with hydroxyapetite carrier

Question 21

What does regeneration of pulp rely on?

Answer 21

vital pulp

Question 22

what a problem in regenerating dentine-pulp?

Answer 22

revascularisation and nerve supply

Question 23

What self polymerising peptide is injected in to pulp cavity during pulpal-dentine regeneration?

Answer 23

Hydrogel