Stem Cells in dentistry Flashcards
What is a totipotent cell?
fertilised egg and first 4 cells of embryo
what is are the features of a pluripotent cells?
can differentiate in to almost anything
Give an example of a pluripotent cell?
embryonic cell
What type of stem cell is found in bone marrow and dental tissue mesenchyme?
multipotent stem cells
What is the potential of multipotent stem cells?
can differentiate in to more than one specialised cell type
Name the 5 types of dental stem cells?
- Dental pulp
- Human Exfoliated deciduous teeth
- Periodontal
- dental follicle
- Apical papilla
What is the physiological use of dental pulp stem cells?
source of odontoblasts to produce tertiary dentine in injury
What is disadvantage of dental pulp stem cells?
poor osteogenic potential
When translplanted with HA carrier what will dental pulp cells form?
dentine-pulp like matrix
What is are the key features of SHED cells?
- highly proliferative
- good osteogenic potential
- can form dentine-pulp like complex
- neural regeneration
What specialised cell types can form from periodontal ligament stem cells?
cementoblasts, firbroblasts, osteoblasts
Which dental stem cells exhibit the greatest plasticity?
dental follicle stem cells
Where are dental follicle stem cells taken from?
impacted third molars
what structure can stem cells from apical papilla be used to produce?
ROOT DENTINE
What stem cells can be used to produce a biological root?
apical papilla stem cells, PDL stem cells, SHED, DPSC
What are the challenges of isolating stem cells?
- location
- maintaining steminess
- lack of specific stem cell markers
- large numbers of stem cells required for therapy
Which structures are stem cells often found close to?
Vasculature and neuronal sheath
What components are required for tissue engineering and organ replacement?
- multipotent adult stem cells
- signalling molecules/ morphogenetic signals
- growth factors
- biodegradable scaffold
what are the required components to be engineered in PDL therapy?
epithelial seal, alveolar bone, acellular cementum, sharpy fibres embedded in cementum and PDL, gingival tissues
What is the method for PDL therapy?
- isolate PDL and dental follicle stem cells
- expand in vitro
- transplant with hydroxyapetite carrier
What does regeneration of pulp rely on?
vital pulp
what a problem in regenerating dentine-pulp?
revascularisation and nerve supply
What self polymerising peptide is injected in to pulp cavity during pulpal-dentine regeneration?
Hydrogel
