Stem Cells and Genetic therapies

Question 1

What are two types of gene modification?

Answer 1

Remove genes

Insert or change genes

Question 2

How is genetic modification achieved?

Answer 2

Homologous recombination
Zinc Finger nucleases
TALENs

Question 3

What is a stem cell?

Answer 3

A self renewing progenitor cell that generate one or more specialised tissue types

Question 4

What are totipotent cells?

Answer 4

Can differentiate into all cell types and extra embryonic tissues

Question 5

What are pluripotent cells?

Answer 5

Can differentiate into all cell types except extra embryonic tissues

Question 6

What are multipotent cells?

Answer 6

Can differentiate into cells of multiple types, but limited number of lineages.

Question 7

What type of stem cells are ES cells and adult stem cells?

Answer 7

ES cells- pluripotent

Adult stem cells-multipotent

Question 8

What are iPS cells?

Answer 8

Pluripotent stem cells due to overexpression of four proteins. Can be manipulated by homolgous recombination for example.