Stem Cells Flashcards
multicellular aggregates that resemble early embryos formed when embryonic stem cells start differentiating
embryoid body
pluripotent stem cells derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst
embryonic stem (ES) cell
adult differentiated cell programmed by the addition of transcription factors to become a pluripotent stem cell
induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell
can form different types of cells within an organ but not a different organ or cell type; present in adult
multipotent stem cell
microenvironment that allows stem cells to divide to form daughter stem cell and differentiated cell
niche
can form multiple tissue types but not complete organism; present in embryo
pluripotent stem cell
generation of organism from transfer of adult nucleus into unfertilized egg
somatic cell nuclear transfer
can form into the complete organism; present in embryo
totipotent stem cell
rapidly proliferating cells that undergo several divisions before differentiating
transit-amplifying cell
can form only one type of cell
unipotent stem cell
many differentiated cells are arrested in ___ (cell cycle phase) and thus cannot proliferate
G0
G0 arrested cells that can proliferate (3)
1) fibroblasts
2) endothelial cells
3) liver epithelial cells
Where are the hematopoetic niches in late embryonic development and adults, respectively?
Liver. Bone Marrow.
Where are intestinal stem cells (Lgr5+) found?
the crypt of the villus
What protein is secreted by the niche cells in the villus crypt?
Wnt (from paneth cells and fibroblasts)
