Stem Cells Flashcards
what is cell differentiation?
A process by which a cell undergoes a change to an overtly specialised cell type
List some different cell types
epithelial cells fibroblast cells osteoblast cells neurones blood cells muscle cells sensory cells
what are the tow renewal methods of cells?
Cell duplication
stem cells
What are permanent cells?
Differentiated cells in embryonic life, stay this way throughout lifetime. Not capable of diving
Give an example of a permanent cells
photoreceptor cells of retina
What is angiogenesis?
Development of new blood vessels
What causes angiognesis
low oxygen (hypoxia) releasing angiogenic factors
Hypoxia triggers induction of _____ which induces secretion of ______, which stimulates vascular endothelial cell proliferation and angiogensis
HIF =Hypoxial inducing factor
VEGF = Vascular endothelial growth factor
What is a stem cell?
A cell that is not terminally differentiated, can divide unlimited, has a high proliferation capacity
What is UNIPOTENT stem cell?
Pool of stem cells that can provide differential cells of only one type
What is PLURIPOTENT stem cells?
pool of stem cells that can produce more than one type of differentiated cells
What is a transit amplifying cell?
They undergo a series of rapid divisions before becoming terminally differentiated. they arise from stem cells
Where can unipotent stem cells be found?
skin, digestive tract
