stats & ethics Flashcards
What is the equation for specificity?
True negatives / true negative + false positive
What is the probability that a test will produce a true negative result when used on a population without disease?
Specificity
What is the probability that a test will produce a true positive result when used on a population with the disease?
Sensitivity
What is the probability that someone who had the disease will test positive?
Positive predictive value
What is the equation for positive predictive value?
True positive / true positive + false positive
What is the probability that someone who does NOT have a disease will have a negative test result?
Negative predictive value
What is the equation for negative predictive value?
True negative / true negative + false negative
What does the P value respresent?
The chance that the null hypothesis was rejected in error
What P value is significant enough to reject the null hypothesis?
<0.05
What type of error occurs when the null hypothesis is rejected in error?
Type 1
What type of error occurs when the null hypothesis was NOT rejected but the null hypothesis is not true?
Type 2
What number is obtained by adding the sample values and dividing by the size of the sample?
Mean
What number is the middle value in which half the data is larger and the other have is smaller?
Median
What is the most frequently occurring number in a sample?
Mode
What type of study follows persons with risk factors to determine the outcomes?
Cohort study
What type of study examined those with a disease and then checks for common risk factors?
Case control study
What is an analysis of data from several studies?
Meta analysis
Is a 15 y/o who has a child and lives on her own considered an emancipated minor?, why?
No - must be older than 16
In a comatose infant, what two lab values are most important in diagnosing inborn error of metabolism ?
Ammonia and anion gap
What inborn errors of metabolism should you consider in a patient with high ammonia and no acidosis?
Urea cycle defect or transient hyperammonemia
What inborn errors of metabolism would you consider in a patient with high ammonia and metabolic acidosis?
Propionic acidemia
Methylmalonic acidemia
Fatty acid oxidation defects
What inborn error of metabolism would you consider in a child with normal serum ammonia and metabolic acidosis?
Maple syrup urine disease
What inborn errors of metabolism would you consider in a patient with normal ammonia and normal abg?
Aminoacidopathy
Galactosemia
Non Ketotic hyperglycinemia
What is the appropriate treatment in a comatose infant with high ammonia ?
If >200, reduce ammonia with benzoate and phenylacetate
If >600, dialysis