ophthalmology Flashcards
What is spasmus nutans?
Benign transient disorder with pendular nystagmus, intermittent head tilting and head bobbing
What eye problem is common in patients with sturge weber?
Glaucoma
What are two important conditions to consider in a newborn with congenital cataracts?
Rubella
Galactosemia
How can you rule out pseudostrabismus?
Cover test
Symmetrical light reflex
What is the problem with untreated strabismus?
Amblyopia will develop with loss of binocular vision if not detected by age 6
What is the appropriate treatment for an external hordeolum?
Aka stye - warm compresses and topical antibiotics (no PO antibiotics needed)
at what point would you refer a patient with dacryostenosis to a specialist ?
Is not resolved by 12 months
What is the appropriate treatment for a 2 month old with excess tearing of left eye with mucoid discharge and occasional cough and nasal congestion ?
Nasolacrimal duct massage (chlamydial conjunctivitis would be bilateral)
What bacterial infection should you consider in a patient from a developing country who presents with high fever and decreased extra-ocular motion with proptosis?
H influenza type B (orbital cellulitis)
How would you diagnose and treat and patient with intermittent sharp eye pain with photophobia and excessive tearing?
Fluorescein staining then topical antibiotic (pressure patch no longer recommended treatment)
You are presented with a patient with a 4 month hx of painless module on upper eyelid, what is the appropriate treatment?
Consult ophthalmology
What should you do for a patient who wears contacts and presents with a red eye?
Referral to ophthalmology
What diagnosis presents with unilateral decrease in visual acuity after viral illness and what do you expect to see in funduscopic exam?
Papillitis - engorged & inflamed optic disc
What diagnosis presents as an enlarged blind spot with normal visual acuity and loss of arteriovenous pulsations?
Papilledema
What diagnosis presents with pallor of the optic disc, narrow arterioles and peripheral retinal pigment deposition? What syndrome can be associated with this finding?
Retinitis pigmentosa - usher syndrome