adolescent Flashcards
What is the comparison between bone age and chronological age in constitutional growth delay?
Bone age < chronological age
What drug may cause galactorrhea in males?
Marijuana
When would you consider abnormal premature pubertal development in a male?
Prior to age 9
What is the first stage of male pubertal development?
Testicular growth >2.5 cm
What should you consider in a Male with pubic hair development and Penis enlargement in the absence of testicular enlargement ?
Extragonadal androgen stimulation
At what age would you consider it abnormal for a female to begin puberty?
Prior to age 7
What genetic syndrome may be associated with gynecomastia ?
Klinefelter
What is the first sign of pubertal development in females and at what age should this occur by?
Thelarche (development of Breast tissue) - workup indicated if no thelarche by age 13
What stage of development occurs after thelarche ?
Pubarche then menarche
What diagnosis should you consider in a patient who goes through thelarche but does not have pubarche?
Testicular feminization aka androgen insensitivity
When do you find pubarche without development of thelarche ?
Androgen excess
You are presented with an 11 y/o female at sexual maturity stage 2 who presents with bloody discharge, what is the most likely diagnosis ?
Foreign body (menses should not occur until sexual maturity stage 3 or 4)
What is pseudo precocious puberty? What is this due to?
When the sequence of pubertal development occurs out of order - due to exogenous hormones or steroid production by adrenals or gonads
What is the appropriate sequence of male pubertal development ?
Testicular growth –> pubarche –> penile growth –> peak height velocity
What should you do if a patient presents with signs of premature adrenarche ?
Bone age
What are 4 possible causes of pseudo precocious puberty?
Late onset CAH
Leydig cell tumor
Anabolic steroids
OCPs
What testing would be appropriate in a patient who presents with visual field deficits and precocious puberty?
MRI brain to look for pituitary mass
What are 6 absolute contraindications for the use of oral contraceptives?
Pregnancy Liver disease Elevated lipids Breast cancer Coronary artery disease Cerebrovascular disease