Statistics Flashcards
is a statistical method concerned with describing the properties and characteristics of a set of data
Descriptive Statistics
is a statistical method concerned with the analysis of a sample data leading to prediction, inferences, interpretation, or conclusion about the entire population
Inferential Statistics
is any quantitative or qualitative information
Data
Refers to numerical information obtained by counting or measuring that can be manipulated by any fundamental operation
Quantitative data
Refers to descriptive attributes that cannot be subjected to mathematical operations. Also called as categorical data.
Qualitative data
refers to the totality of all the elements or persons for which one has an interest at a particular time
Population
refers to a part of a population determined by sampling procedure
Sample
is any statistical information or attribute taken from a population
Parameter
is any estimate of statistical attribute taken from sample
Statistic
is a specific factor, property, or characteristic of a population or a sample which differentiates a sample or a group of samples from another group
Variable
is a variable that can be obtained by counting
Discrete variable
is a variable that can be obtained by measuring objects or attributes
Continuous variable
This type of statistical data depicts the presence or absence of a certain attribute. This usually involves the random assignment of numbers to represent the attribute.
Nominal Measurement
Race, Color classification, Gender, Civil status
Nominal Measurement
This provides the degree of the presence of an attribute. Usually, data is classified according to order of ranks
Ordinal Measurement
Academic ranking, Degree of illness
Ordinal Measurement
The measurement where data are arranged in some order and the difference between data are meaningful. Data at this level may lack inherent zero starting point
Interval Measurement
Temperature
Interval Measurement
This measurement is an interval level modified to include the inherent zero starting point
Ratio
Physical quantities, Allowance
Ratio
This basic sampling procedure may be done by lottery or with the aid of calculator or computer randomizer app
Random Sampling
Selected from the list of the population, samples are determined by choosing every nth element on the list until the desired number of samples are drawn
Systematic Sampling
This is done by creating different classes or strata within the population, the grouping may be done based on grade level, income groupings, and gender, among others
Stratified Random Sampling
A sampling method may be employed to a smaller area, the population may be divided geographically into regions, divisions, or districts
Cluster Sampling
This is used when the specific objective under study requires a particular sample based on certain characteristics which may not cover the entire population
Purposive Sampling