Final Social Flashcards
Four definitions of politics
Exercise of power, allocation of values, resolution of conflict, competition
Control of, or influence on, the state, ability to
make, or influence, political decisions
Political power
Control of economic assets
Economic power
Ability to wage war - or to compel others through intimidation or deterrence
Military power
Conveys the idea of one’s ability to realize one’s goals without coercing others; Individually, by exercising one’s freedom; Or collectively, by joining with others in a free and voluntary way; Associated with visions of a good society, based on the ideals of freedom, equality, justice,
solidarity, democracy
Power to
The prevalent kind of power
1. AN INTERACTIVE PROCESS
(you have to have someone to have power over)
2. POTENTIAL or ACTIVE
3. A PURPOSEFUL ACTIVITY
4. PROMOTIVE (Do it!) or PREVENTIVE (Don’t do it!)
5. BALANCED or UNBALANCED (“Absolute power corrupts absolutely” – Lord Acton). Democracy associated with balanced power
Power over
Use of power (or power exertion) with an
uncertain outcome
Influence
Use of power with a more or less certain outcome
Control
Structured, stable use of power
Domination
Ability to detain and harm people and damage
or confiscate their property to compel them to obey your
orders
Force
Ability to convince people to do what they otherwise would not have done by invoking their own
interests and common sense
Persuasion
Legitimate (just and lawful) power to control and direct people’s activities
Authority
Controlling people by means of threatening
use of force
Coercion
Controlling people without threats, by
persuading them about the legitimacy of the existing power relationships, or by offering them benefits
Manipulation
Philippine’s legislative department
Congress
Upper house of congress
Senate
Lower house of congress
House of Representatives
Number of senate
24
Citizenship of senate, house of representatives, and president
Natural-born citizen
Minimum age of senate
At least 35 years old on
election day
Minimum years of residence of senate
Philippine resident for 2 years prior to election day
Term length of senate
6 years
Maximum terms of senate
2
Number of house of representatives
200 district reps, 50 party list
Minimum age of house of representatives
At least 25 years old on
election day
Minimum years of residence of house of representatives
District resident for 1 year
prior to election day
Term length of house of representatives
3 years
Maximum terms of house of representatives
3
Minimum age of president
At least 40 years old on election day
Minimum years of residence of president
Resident of the country for 10 years
The obtaining of money
or advantage through
dishonest use of power
and influence; illegal or
unfair gain
Graft
Illegal, bad, or dishonest behavior, especially by people in power. Corruption can include giving or accepting bribes or inappropriate gifts, double-dealing, under-the-table transactions,
manipulating elections, diverting funds, laundering money, and defrauding investors.
Corruption
One of the most
common types of political corruption; the act of giving money, goods or services to an official in
exchange for favorable treatment
Bribery
Elected officials divert some of the money for local projects into their personal accounts
Embezzlement (Graft)
When an official uses their power and influence to threaten another person into behaving a certain way
Extortion
When an elected
representative threatens to reveal incriminating
information about someone in order to coerce that person into cooperating with them
Blackmail
When an official lets their appointments be influenced by inappropriate or illegal factors
One type is known as nepotism. This is the practice of giving appointments to family
members, rather than basing appointments on the actual qualifications of the appointees. Another type known as patronage, occurs when an official makes appointments in exchange for votes, payoffs or other benefits.
Preferential treatment
Effects of Political Dynasty
Abuse of Power, Their priority will be their social class, Checks and Balances will weaken
Causes of political dynasty
Uneducated Voter, No education, Patronage Politics
Establishment of policies, and continuous monitoring of their implementation, by the members of the governing body of an
organization.
Governance
4 Elements of State
People, Territory, Government, Sovereignty
The state is a human
institution. So population is its primary element. There is no hard and fast rule about population.
People
A definite and more or less permanent territory is also regarded as an essential element of the state. In modern times,
the citizens are bound together by residence on a common territory. Land, water and air space comprise the territory of a state.
Territory
A people occupying a definite territory cannot form a state unless they are politically organized i.e., unless they possess a
government; the political
organization of the state. It is the concrete and
visible instrument of state power.
Government
By far the most important
characteristic of the state. It is the characteristic which distinguishes the state from all other associations. It denotes the supreme power or the final authority from which
there is no appeal.
Sovereignty
