statistics Flashcards
what does ‘p’ mean
p = the probability of results being due to chance
what do inferential statistics tell us
they allow us to draw inferences about the population
what do descriptive statistics tell us
they tell us about the sample taken from that population
what is a type I error
when the null hypothesis is rejected when it should have been accepted
what is a type II error
when the null hypothesis is accepted when it should have been rejected
what is nominal data
names and numbers
categorised, frequency data
what is ordinal data
data that can be ordered
eg. a list of scores
what is interval/ratio data
any formal measurement
eg. time, cm, kg
what test is used for related nominal data
sign test
what test is used for independent nominal data
chi squared
what test is used for related ordinal data
willcoxon
what test is used for independent ordinal data
mann whitney ‘U’
what test is used for related interval/ratio data
related t-test
what test is used for independent interval/ratio data
unrelated t-test
what experimental designs give related data
matched pairs and repeated measures designs
what experimental designs give independent data
independent measures
how do you do the sign Test
add a + or - next to each result
find the total number of +
find the total number of -
S = whatever there are less of
compare S to the critical value, if S is less than or equal to the critical value, the results are significant!
brian
