Station 2: Shoulder

Question 1

Normal Shoulder Flexion ROM?

Answer 1

150-180 degrees

Question 2

Normal Shoulder Hyperextension ROM?

Answer 2

50 degrees

Question 3

Normal Shoulder Lateral Rotation ROM?

Answer 3

90 degrees

Question 4

Normal Shoulder Medial Rotation ROM?

Answer 4

70 degrees

Question 5

How can the body compensate to allow for more shoulder flexion?

Answer 5

Extend trunk

Question 6

How can the body compensate to allow for more shoulder extension?

Answer 6

Flex trunk

Question 7

What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?

Answer 7

Plane

Question 8

What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 8

Shallow Saddle

Question 9

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 9

Ball and Socket

Question 10

What is the scapulothoracic articulation?

Answer 10

Almost a joint but no bone on bone contact
Scapula moves over the ribs but doesn’t directly touch

Question 11

Which two joints move in unison to move the shoulder girdle?

Answer 11

Sternoclavicular and Acromioclavicular joint

Question 12

Can shoulder girdle movements be performed without arm?

Answer 12

Yes - elevation/depression, upward/downward rotation, protraction/retraction
Articulation is between scapula and clavicle so arm not needed

Question 13

How can you describe shoulder stability/mobility

Answer 13

Less stable but more mobility because of the shallow socket

Question 14

What does the glenoid labrum do?

Answer 14

Deepens cavity, creates more stability and suctions the socket. Very similar to acetabulum

Question 15

Name the actions at the Glenohumeral Joint

Answer 15

Flexion/Extension, Adduction/Abduction, Horizontal Adduction/Abduction, External/Internal Rotation, Circumduction

Question 16

Which muscles are the agonists of glenohumeral abduction?

Answer 16

Supraspinatus and Deltoid

Question 17

What is special about the Supraspinatus and Deltoid for glenohumeral abduction?

Answer 17

They are agonists at different degrees
- 0-30 degrees: Supraspinatus
- 30-90 degrees: deltoid

Question 18

Which muscle is the agonist of glenohumeral abduction at 0-30 degrees?

Answer 18

Supraspinatus

Question 19

Which muscle is the agonist of glenohumeral abduction at 30-90 degrees?

Answer 19

Deltoid

Question 20

What is a clear sign of a supraspinatus tear?

Answer 20

Patient cannot abduct at start. Supraspinatus is agonist for start

Question 21

Which muscle is the agonist of glenohumeral internal rotation?

Answer 21

Subscapularis

Question 22

What muscles are the agonist of glenohumeral external rotation?

Answer 22

Infraspinatus and Teres minor

Question 23

Are we stronger in glenohumeral internal or external rotation?

Answer 23

Internal rotation
3:2 strength balance ratio for internal rotators

Question 24

What is the strength balance ratio for internal/external rotation?

Answer 24

3:2
Internal rotators are 150% stronger than external rotators

Question 25

What are the actions of the Shoulder Girdle?

Answer 25

Elevation/Depression, Protraction/Retraction, Upward/Downward Rotation

Question 26

What is a bursar?

Answer 26

Pad of fat which stops friction

Question 27

Which muscles lay between the scapula and thoracic cage?

Answer 27

Serratus anterior and Subscapularis

Question 28

What is scapulohumeral Rhythm?

Answer 28

When the arm moves, the scapula has to move with it (2 degrees of abduction, 1 degree of upward rotation of scapula)