Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

M2 > Statics - Definitions > Flashcards

Statics - Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Force

A

A force is what changes a body’s state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line
Usually a push or a pull
Is a vector quantity - has both magnitude and direction
Measured in Newton’s (imperial lb)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Moment

A

A moment is the turning effect of a force

Units of Nm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Couple

A

A pair of equal forces acting in opposite directions around a central turning point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Scalar quantity

A

A quantity that has no direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Vector quantity

A

These are things that have magnitude and direction and act in a straight line direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Resultant force

A

The effect of two or more vectors. The sum of the vectors is known as the resultant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Centre of gravity

A

Is the point about which a body is perfectly balanced

There is only one centre of gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Tensile

A

Pulling apart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Compression

A

Squashing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Torsion

A

Twisting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Shear

A

Pulling/slicing two layers/bodies apart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Hooke’s law

A

The amount of force is doubled, the amount of extension is doubled
(Extension is directly proportional to force)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Stress

A

The magnitude of forces that cause deformation, always accompanied by strain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Strain

A

The deformation of a material due to stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Young’s modulus

A

The ratio of stress and strain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Bulk modulus

A

This gives the change of volume of a solid substance as the pressure is changed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Poisson’s ratio

A

The ratio of transverse strain to axial strain in a stressed member
Transverse strain - diameter decrease
Axial strain - length increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hardness

A

High resistance to indentation or any action to penetrate the surface. Eg, diamond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Toughness

A

The ability to resist breakage when deforming or impact forces are applied to it.

20
Q

Brittleness

A

Break with little or no change of shape eg glass, cast iron and very hard steel

21
Q

Ductility

A

Can be stretched into new shapes without breaking apart, will keep their new shape after being stretched, eg wire and copper

22
Q

Plasticity

A

A material that can be readily forced into a different shape permanently without fracturing. Eg putty in a window frame

23
Q

Elasticity

A

This is when a substance that has been distorted has a strong tendency to return to its original shape.
Eg steel ball bearing/spring/hard steel

24
Q

Elastic limit

A

The maximum distorting force that can be applied to the solid without causing permanent distortion

25
Q

Fluid

A

Anything that can flow, liquids gasses and vapours

26
Q

Vapours

A

A gas that can be liquified by an increase in pressure without decreasing its temperature.

27
Q

Volatile

A

This is a liquid that evaporates (vaporises) at normal temperature
Eg, petrol, methylated spirits and alcohol

28
Q

Flammable/inflammable

A

A material that will catch fire easily, eg. Most fuels, light oils and some paints

29
Q

Flash point

A

The temperature something has to be at before it will catch fire when exposed to a naked flame, aviation fuel: 38°C

30
Q

Toxicity

A

Refers to how poisonous a substance is.

31
Q

Inert

A

A substance that will not chemically combine with other substances eg, neon, argon, and helium

32
Q

Bouyancy

A

The ability of an object to float

33
Q

Archimedes principal

A

This states that when an object is submerged in a liquid, the object displaces the same volume of water as its volume

34
Q

Buoyant force

A

The force that a submerged object is held up by, it is equal to the weight of the water being displaced

35
Q

Principle of moments

A

For an object to balance horizontally the opposing moments must be equal in magnitude

35
Q

Datum

A

Imaginary line from which all horizontal measurements are taken usually for balance purposes

35
Q

Tension

A

Stress that is applied causing an increase in the length of a body, known also as tensile stress or axial or normal stress

36
Q

Strength

A

Tendency to withstand an applied load without failure or plastic deformation

37
Q

Malleability

A

Tendency to undergo compression without damage malleable materials can be beaten rolled or pressed

38
Q

Pressure

A

Force applied to the surface of an object, measured in bar, millibar or hectoPascals

39
Q

Atmospheric pressure

A

Force exerted by the weight of the atmosphere, at sea level 14.7psi

40
Q

Gauge pressure

A

Pressure that is measured that exceeds the atmospheric pressure

41
Q

Ambient pressure

A

Pressure that immediately surrounds an object

42
Q

Absolute pressure

A

Pressure that would be measured in a vaccuum

43
Q

Positive buoyancy

A

Buoyant force is more than the object weighs so the object floats

44
Q

Neutral buoyancy

A

Objects weight is equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces

45
Q

Negative bouyancy

A

The buoyant force is less than the object weighs, object sinks

M2 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions