States of Matter and Mixtures Flashcards
what are 2 factors that the particle theory says about atoms
hard
spheres
what is the structure of atoms like in a solid (3 factors)
close together in a regular pattern
vibrate around fixed positions
store the least energy
what is the structure of atoms like in a liquid (2 factors)
close together but random
mover around each other
what is the structure of atoms like in a gas (3 factors)
far apart and random
fast in all direction
most energy stored
what is the name of the state change from solid to gas
sublimation
what is the name of the state change from gas to solid
deposition
when does evaporation occur
particles with high enough energy leave the surface of the liquid
what is an element
a substance that consists of atoms with the same atomic number
what is compound
a substance that consists of 2 or more different elements that are chemically joined together
what is a pure substance
a substance that contains only one element or compound in it
what is a mixture substance
a substance that contains more than one type of element or compound
what method can be used to separate 2 liquids from a mixture
distillation
what method is used to separate an insoluble substance from a liquid
filtration
what do you call the stuff left in the filter paper after filtration
residue
what do you call the stuff collected from filtration
filtrate
what are the 2 phases in paper chromatography
stationary phase
mobile phase
what is potable water
water that is safe for consumption
what are the 3 stages of water treatment
sedimentation
filtration
chlorination
what happens in the chlorination stage of water treatment
chlorine bubbled through the water to kill microbes
what happens in the sedimentation stage of water treatment
large insoluble particles sink to the bottom
what happens in the filtration stage of water treatment
small insoluble particles are removed by filtering through beds of sand
what are 3 benefits of using simple distillation on seawater
lots of seawater
produces pure water
kills microbes in the seawater
what is a DISADVANTAGE of using simple distillation on seawater?
needs a lot of heat energy