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PH 108 - Physical Pharmacy (Lec) > States of Matter > Flashcards

States of Matter Flashcards

1
Q

Total heat lost or gained in the conversion involving solid and liquid by 1 mole of substance

A

Molar heat of fusion

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2
Q

Total heat required for the conversion involving liquid and gas by 1 mole of liquid substance

A

Molar heat of vaporization

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3
Q

Graphs that relate pressure and temperature to the state of matter

A

Phase diagrams

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4
Q

Other name for phase diagrams

A

Temperature-composition diagram

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5
Q

Determines the relationship for the least number of intensive variables

A

Gibb’s phase rule

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6
Q

A homogenous part of the system, physically separated by distinct boundaries

A

Phase

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7
Q

Composition (one, two, or three components)

A

Component

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8
Q

Do not depend on the amount of matter present of the phases

A

Independent variables

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9
Q

The number of independent parameters that define its configuration

A

Degrees of freedom

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10
Q

No pressure is involved; vapor phase is ignored

A

Condensed system

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11
Q

Pressure is considered; involves gas

A

Noncondensed system

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12
Q

Originates from measurements using a barometer

A

Millimeters of mercury (mmHg)

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13
Q

Other name for mmHg

A

Torr

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14
Q

Person who invented torr

A

Evangelista Torricelli

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15
Q

1 mmHg = _____ Torr

A

1 torr

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16
Q

Average atmospheric pressure at sea level

A

Atmosphere (atm)

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17
Q

1 atm = _____ mmHg

A

760 mmHg

18
Q

SI unit for pressure

A

Pascal (Pa)

19
Q

Average air pressure at sea level

A

101,325 Pa

20
Q

1 Pa = _____ N/m^2

A

1 N/m^2

21
Q

1 atm = _____ in Hg (inches of mercury)

A

29.92 in Hg

22
Q

1 atm = _____ psi (pounds power square inch)

A

14.7 psi

23
Q

The pressure exerted by a single component in a mixture of gases

A

Partial pressure (Pn)

24
Q

The average distance that a gas particle travels between collisions

A

Mean free path

25
Q

Process by which gas particles spread out in response to a concentration gradient

A

Diffusion

26
Q

Process by which gas particles escape from a container into a vacuum through small hole

A

Effusion

27
Q

Means that no heat enters the system

A

Adiabatic

28
Q

Where the gas does external work

A

Joule-Thomson effect

29
Q

The temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the external or atmospheric pressure

A

Boiling point

30
Q

Found that a dissolved solute lowers the vapor pressure of the solvent

A

FM Raoult

31
Q

States that the partial pressure exerted by solvent vapor above an ideal solution (Pa) is the product of the mole fraction of solvent solution (Xa) and the vapor pressure of the pure solvent at the given temperature (PoA)

A

Raoult’s law

32
Q

Supercooled liquids in which the molecules are arranged in a somewhat random manner

A

Amorphous solids

33
Q

Where substances exist in more than one crystalline form, and are said to be allotropic

A

Polymorphism

34
Q

Change from one form to another is reversible

A

Enantiotropic

35
Q

When transition takes place in one direction only (metastable to stable)

A

Monotropic

36
Q

Exhibit similar properties in all directions

A

Isotropic

37
Q

Shows different characteristics in various directions along the crystal

A

Anisotropic

38
Q

States that if a system at equilibrium is disturbed by a change in concentration, pressure, or temperature; the system will shift its equilibrium position so as to counter the effect of the disturbance

A

Le Chatelier’s principle

39
Q

Formed using solvents

A

Lyotropic

40
Q

Formed using temperature

A

Thermotropic

41
Q

Predicted by Satyendra Nath Bose and Albert Einstein; dilute gas cooled to temperature very near to absolute zero

A

Bose-Einstein condensates

PH 108 - Physical Pharmacy (Lec) (8 decks)

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