States of matter Flashcards
What are the properties of solids?
Fixed shape and volume, Particles have very strong bonds and constantly vibrate a lot, Cannot be compressed easily
What are the properties of liquids?
Doesn’t have a fixed shape, does have a fixed volume with weaker bonds between their particles in comparison to solids, Particles vibrate less than solid particles, Not easily compressible
What are the properties of gases?
Unfixed shape or volume, even weaker bonds than liquids and vibrate even less than liquids. They are easily compressible
What is Brownian motion?
When a substance diffuses it goes from a place of high concentration to a place of low concentration
What is diffusion?
When the particles of a fluid go from high concentration to equal concentration throughout the container
What is kinetic theory?
That all matter is made up of extremely small particles and are in constant motion
What happens once a substance hits it’s melting point?
Whilst in a solid state vibrates and absorbs heat energy, it starts to break the bonds
What happens once a substance hits it’s boiling point?
Whilst in a liquid state vibrating more and absorbing heat energy, starts to break the bonds
what is sublimation?
the state change form solid to gas
what is deposition?
The state change between gas to solid
What is boiling?
The state change from liquid to gas occurring at the boiling point
What is evaporation?
The state change from liquid to gas not occurring at the boiling point
What happens during freezing?
The movement of the particles slow down as the particles come together and start to vibrate very fast as they start to become fixed with the bonds starting to form
What conditions help with diffusion?
Temperature as when substances are hotter there is more energy so the particles start to move quicker to diffuse
Why does evaporation not occur at the boiling point?
The particles are gaining more kinetic energy giving them the ability to boil under the boiling point
