States of Consciousness: Lecture 13 Flashcards
What percentage of students have poor sleep quality?
60%
What percentage of the population meet the diagnostic criteria for a sleep disorder at some point in their lifetime?
30-50%
What are the sleep disorders?
- insomnia
- Narcolepsy
- Sleep Apnea
- Sleepwalking
- REM behaviour sleep disorder
is chronic sleep debt considered a sleep disorder?
No. Chronic sleep debt does not meet the diagnostic criteria for a sleep disorder.
Where does the word insomnia come from?
In + Somnus = sleepless
What is insomnia?
Difficulty falling/staying asleep
What is the criteria needed to diagnose insomnia?
3 nights a week of having difficulty falling/staying asleep for one month
What is the criteria needed to diagnose chronic insomnia?
1 year of this
What percentage of people report symptoms of insomnia?
30-50
What percentage of people meet the diagnostic criteria for insomnia?
6%
What factors contribute to insomnia?
-age
-drug use
- exercise
-Mental state (depression often comes with sleep disorders)
- Poor sleep hygiene
What are the treatments for insomnia?
Sleeping Pills and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
Whats the problem with sleeping pills?
They tend to be addictive. Your brain says take a pill when it has any indication that you won’t be able to fall asleep, then you need them to fall asleep. They help you get to sleep but they rob you of stage 3 sleep
What is cognitive behavioural therapy?
Looks at changing the way we think about things and the way that we behave
What’s an example of cognitive behavioural therapy in relation to insomnia?
only be in your bed when you are sleepy (Behavioural change).
Tell yourself the opposite of what you want. Tell yourself you want to stay awake as long as possible to take away your anxiety then you will fall asleep more easily.
What is narcolepsy?
The inability to stay awake
What are the symptoms of narcolepsy?
Sleep attacks (last btwn 30 seconds- 30 mins)
Cataplexy
What is cataplexy?
loss of muscle tone
How are sleep attacks related to cataplexy?
we experience some degree of this at night during REM sleep (we don’t move when our brain is active at night). The pons and the medulla stop the motor signals from going through your body)
What triggers narcolepsy?
arousal and stress