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Psych 101 Midterm 2 > Sensation and Perception: Lecture 10 > Flashcards

Sensation and Perception: Lecture 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the electromagnetic spectrum?

A

the entire range of wavelengths or frequencies of electromagnetic radiation

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2
Q

What is the difference between trichromatic and opponent process theory?

A
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3
Q

What causes sensation?

A

trying to get a stimulus into an electro-chemical signal

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4
Q

What terminology do we use to describe a wave?

A

Peak, wavelength, trough, amplitude,

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5
Q

What do wavelength and amplitude have a different function in terms of?

A

sound and sight

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6
Q

How do we measure waves?

A

in Hertz

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7
Q

What do hertz measure?

A

Number of cycles per second

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8
Q

The higher the waves per second…

A

The higher the hertz

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9
Q

The higher the number of hertz…

A

the faster the wave cycles complete

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10
Q

Can we see ultraviolet light?

A

No

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11
Q

Can we feel the effects of ultraviolet light?

A

yes

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12
Q

What is the electromagnetic spectrum frequency associated with?

A

colour

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13
Q

In light, what is frequency associated with?

A

colour

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14
Q

In light, what is amplitude associated with?

A

brightness

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15
Q

What colour is lower frequency light?

A

red

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16
Q

How does colour change as frequency increases?

A

goes the the rainbow starting from red.

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17
Q

What do we get when we get lower than red light or higher than blue light?

A

the electromagnetic spectrum

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18
Q

When thinking about waves as sound, what do higher frequencies equal?

A

higher pitch

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19
Q

What is amplitude associated with in terms of sound?

A

loudness

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20
Q

How is sound amplitude measured?

A

decibals

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21
Q

At what spectrum does hearing degrade?

A

high frequency spectrum

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22
Q

Is sound linear?

A

no

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23
Q

What is the purpose of the pupil?

A

A whole that allows light to enter your eye

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24
Q

What is the function of the iris?

A

Helps control how big or small the pupil is

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25
Q

What happens to your pupils when you’re scared?

A

your pupils open up because your body wants to see as much as possible

26
Q

What is the function of the lens?

A

Light comes in and travels to the back of your eye. Our lens tightens or loosens so it lands neatly on the back of your eye.

27
Q

In what way does light travel into your eye?

A

Goes through the arteries and cells and goes through the cones, stimulates the back and then goes back from where it came from

28
Q

What type of cells are in the retina?

A

rod cells

29
Q

What type of cells are in the fovea?

A

Cones (let you see colour)

30
Q

What does the lens do?

A

Helps focus light on the fovea

31
Q

What kind of light to we want to fall on our rods? Why?

A

Low light because it helps us see in the dark (cone cells aren’t effective for this)

32
Q

Why can’t we see anything that lands on our optic nerve?

A

they do not have rods or cones so you cannot see anything that lands there. Your brain will fill in that lack of information with your surrounding area

33
Q

Where does information form the left eye go to? what is this called?

A

To the right brain. Our brain os organized contrelaterally

34
Q

What does the optic chasm do?

A

allow the light to transfer through and sends it to our occipital lobe or our amygdala

35
Q

What is the role of the amygdala in receiving visual information?What is an example?

A

Makes a quick decision (something is being thrown at you shout, you haven’t seen what it is yet)

36
Q

What are the 4 parts involved with processing and receiving visual information?

A

eye, optic nerve, optic chasm, occipital lobe

37
Q

What part of the brain recieves visual information?

A

the occipital lobe

38
Q

What does the occipital lobe do with visual information?

A

Takes visual information, decodes it into its constituent parts, packages it and sends it to the different parts of the brain that tell you what you’re looking at and where it is in relation to you.

39
Q

What are the 2 “what and where pathways”?

A

Parietal lobe and temporal lobe

40
Q

Why does the occipital lobe send signals to the parietal lobe? What is this called?

A

Called the Dorsal Stream. This stream tells us where the thing you are looking at is

41
Q

Why does the occipital lobe send signal to the temporal lobe? What is this called?

A

Called the ventral stream. This stream tells us what we are looking at

42
Q

What do binocular and monocular cues do?

A

help uncover where an object is

43
Q

How many eyes do binocular cues require?

A

2

44
Q

How many eyes to monocular eyes require?

A

1

45
Q

What is binocular disparity?

A

we have a slightly different view of the world seen through each eye

46
Q

What is a way that we decifer where something is?

A

our brain picks up where on the retina light falls. It uses where the information is landing on the eye to figure out where objects are in relation to each other.

47
Q

What are the 4 things monocular cues are responsible for?

A

Linear perspective, Relative size, interposition, Texture gradient

48
Q

What is linear perspective?

A

we percieve depth in 2 dimensions when 2 parallel lines seem to converge (i.e railraod tracks)

49
Q

What is relative size?

A

the smaller things are, the more we percieve it to be further in the distance relative to other objects

50
Q

What is interposition?

A

The shading or overlap shows us which squares are in front of each other

51
Q

What is the trichromatic theory of colour perception?

A

You can build up any set of colours to make other colours

52
Q

What type of wavelength do red cones have?

A

Long-wavelengths

53
Q

What type of wavelength do green cones have?

A

medium

54
Q

What type of wavelength do blue cones have?

A

short-wavelengths

55
Q

How do we see colour?

A

Cone cells

56
Q

What makes us see an after image?

A

when the rods and cones, which are part of the retina, are overstimulated and become desensitized

57
Q

What is colour bllindness?

A

When one of your cones doesn’t work (i.e malfunctioning green cone = unable to see green)

58
Q

What combination of cones makes up the colour white?

A

Red, Green and Blue

59
Q

What cone does staring at the colour green tire?

A

the green cone

60
Q

What is the opponent process theory

A

there’s a theory that colour works in opponent pairs

61
Q

what is the idea behind opponent process theory?

A

White is made up of all the colours. If you stare at something green for a long time the green cones will get tired but the RED and BLUE cones will still be fresh. When shown white after this, red cells fire more.

Psych 101 Midterm 2 (6 decks)

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