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Psychology > States Of Consciousness > Flashcards

States Of Consciousness Flashcards

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0
Q

What does Consciousness do?

A

Provide us with a sense of identity through which we experience the world.
Eg: Perception, comments you make, your plans, your attitudes, your beliefs, memories/events in your life.

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1
Q

Consciousness

A

Awareness of objects and events in the external world and our own existence and mental experiences at any given moment.

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2
Q

Is Consciousness selective?

A

Yes. You can choose to attend to Serbian things and ignore others.

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3
Q

Is Consciousness continuous?

A

Yes. There is never a time in the course of a typical day when your consciousness is ‘empty’.

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4
Q

Is Consciousness changing?

A

Yes. New information continually coming into awareness.

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5
Q

State of Consciousness.

A

Level of awareness of internal state and external surroundings, that determines how much of this information we take in and respond to.

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6
Q

Are there distinct boundaries to indicate where one SOC ends?

A

No. There are no distinct boundaries to indicate where one SOC ends and begins.

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7
Q

Qualities that distinguish the different States of Consciousness:

A
  • level of awareness
  • content of consciousness
  • the use of controlled or automatic processes to perform tasks.
  • perceptual experiences.
  • cognitive abilities.
  • emotional awareness.
  • self control
  • the experience of time
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8
Q

Physiological changes associated with different states of consciousness.

A
  • change in brain wave patterns
  • eye movements
  • heart rate
  • core body temperature
  • electrical conductivity in the skin
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9
Q

Normal Waking Consciousness

A

States of consciousness associated with being awake and aware of our thoughts, memories, feelings, and the sensations we are experiencing from the outside world.

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10
Q

NWC in regard to perception and thoughts.

A

Our perception and thoughts continue to be organised and clear, and we remain aware of our personal identity - who we are.

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11
Q

What happens during a NWC?

A

In NWC we perceive the world as real and it has a familiar sense of time and place.
We continually shift between different states, and therefore levels of awareness.

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12
Q

Attention.

A

Is the CONCENTRATION of mental activity that involves focusing on a specific stimulus while ignoring other stimuli.

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13
Q

Attention during NWC.

A

In NWC, our attention can be focused ether on internal thoughts or feelings (how tired you feel) or external stimuli (what the teacher is saying). Focus of attention can shift and therefore we intentional.

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14
Q

Selective Attention.

A

Involves choosing and attending to a specific stimulus to the exclusion of others. At any given moment the focus of our awareness is on only a limited range of all that we are capable of experiencing.

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15
Q

Is personal stimuli more important to us?

A

Yes. We are more likely to take notice of it.

Eg. Hearing your name in another conversation while talking to someone, you are automatically driven to their convo.

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16
Q

What is the cocktail party phenomenon?

A

Hearing your name in another conversation while talking to someone, you are automatically driven to their convo.

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17
Q

Is it possible to react to another stimuli while having your attention focused on one thing?

A

YES.

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18
Q

Divided Attention.

A

Ability to distribute out attention and undertake two or more activities simultaneously.

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19
Q

What does out ability to divide our attention and ‘multi-task’ depend on?

A

Depends on:
-how much conscious effort is required for various tasks in which we are engaged.
-depends on the similarity of the tasks, their complexity and how
accomplished, or experience we at doing them.

20
Q

Altered State of Consciousness (ASC)

A

State of consciousness that is distinctly different from NWC, in terms of level of awareness and experience, and the quality or intensity of sensations, perceptions, thoughts, feelings and memories that are experienced.

21
Q

List some naturally occurring ASCs.

A
  • sleep
  • daydreaming
  • dreaming
22
Q

List some purposely induced ASCs.

A
  • meditation
  • hypnosis
  • alcohol ingestion
  • taking certain medications or illegal drugs
23
Q

NWS - Cognitive distortions

A

Effective control of memory process: storage and retrieval; thought processes more organised and logical.

24
Q

ASC - Cognitive distortions

A

Memory processes may be disrupted or distorted:

  • storage and recall may be fragmented or less accurate
  • thought processes unorganised and less logical
  • thinking May lack logic and problem solving may be impaired
25
Q

NWS - Perceptual distortions

A

Perceptions are realistic and normal:

-including pain.

26
Q

ASC - Perceptual distortions

A

Perception may be altered:

  • of pain, events, stimuli
  • alcohol induced or meditating - may not perceive pain until they sober up or come out or trance
  • heightened or lowered awareness, sense of paying may be increased or decreased.
27
Q

NWC - Emotional Awareness

A

Greater awareness or emotions: and control of emotional awareness.

28
Q

ASC - Emotional awareness

A

Less control of emotions:

  • more or less affectionate.
  • aggressive, anxious, etc
29
Q

NWC - Self Control

A

More control over actions and movements:

-you are able to make yourself walk in a straight line, in an ASC you many not be able to do so.

30
Q

ASC - Self Control

A

Usually less control over actions and movements:

- & emotions and thoughts but greater susceptibility to suggestion may increase self-control.

31
Q

NWC - Time orientation

A

Clear ‘sense’ of time:

  • passage of time including past, present and future
  • reasonable and normal judgement of elapsed time.
32
Q

ASC - Time orientation

A

Distorted ‘sense’ of time:

  • time may appear to speed up or slow down.
  • judgement of elapsed time is impaired.
  • time appears to pass quicker or slower.
33
Q

Daydreaming

A

Daydreaming is an ASC in which we shift our attention from external stimuli to internal thoughts, feelings and imagined scenarios.
-large proportion of our waking time is spent in DD.

34
Q

When is daydreaming most likely to occur?

A

When we are stationary than when we are moving about, because at these times our active behaviour and directed attention are ‘turned off’.
-likely to occur when we are alone.

35
Q

What brain patterns and eye movement are associated with DD?

A

Associated with minimal eye movement and high level of alpha brain waves.

36
Q

What content occurs during DD?

A

Frequently consists of a series of disjointed, unrelated and emotional thoughts - even less organised and meaningful than many night-dreams.
-in our daydreams we can experience success, have relationships we desire, and seek revenge against those who have wronged us.

37
Q

Psychological construct.

A

Is a concept that is ‘constructed’ to describe specific ‘psychological’ activity, or a pattern of activity, that is believed to occur or exist but that cannot be directly observed or measured.

38
Q

Electroencephalograph EEG

A

Device that detects, amplifies and records general patterns of electrical activity of the brain.

39
Q

Brain waves

A

spontaneous electrical activity emitted by the brain; four types of brain waves associated with different states of consciousness or activities are alpha, beta, theta and delta waves

40
Q

Electrocardiograph ECG

A

Device that detects, amplifies and records electrical activity generated by the heart. Electrodes on the chest.

41
Q

Body temperature

A

Varies in a regular, predictable way over 24 hour period. Drop can be more than 1 degree Celsius during the deeper sleep stages of sleep associated with non-rapid eye movements (NREM sleep).

42
Q

Galvanic skin response GSR

A

Physiological response that indicates the change in the resistance of the skin’s surface to the passage of an electrical current. Measures the electrical conductivity of the skin.

43
Q

GSR example: bight emotions arousal lead to?

A

Increased sweating = GSR increase in electrical conductivity.

44
Q

Beta Waves

A 
High frequency (fast) and low (small) amplitude. Associated with NWC and focused attention. 
-awake, alert and active. Open eyes and concentrating on a task.
45
Q

Alpha waves

A

Heigh frequency (slower than beta waves) and low amplitude (but larger than beta waves. Associated with a relaxed, wakeful state.

46
Q

Theta waves

A

Medium frequency (slower than alpha and beta waves) and a mixture of high and low amplitude waves. Associated with the early stages of sleep.

47
Q

Delta waves

A

Lowest frequency and highest amplitude. Associated with deepest stages to sleep.

Psychology (9 decks)

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