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Psychology > Sleep > Flashcards

Sleep Flashcards

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0
Q

Sleep laboratories

A

Patients with sleep disorders can be diagnosed and treated, as well 1/ studied for research purposes.

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1
Q

Sleep

A

Regulate occurring ASC that typically occurs naturally and is primary characterised by a loss of conscious awareness.

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2
Q

Polysomnography

A

Intensive study of a sleeping person involving simultaneous monitoring and recording of various physiological responses of the sleeper during the course of a night.

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3
Q

Electroencephalograph EEG

A

detect, amplify and record the electrical activity spontaneously generated by the brain during sleep and dreaming.

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4
Q

Value of EEG

A

Enables researchers to distinguish between 5 stages of sleep.

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5
Q

Electromyograph EMG

A

detect, amplify and record the electrical activity
of muscles.

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6
Q

Value of EMG

A

Identifies the systematic changes in muscular activity during a nights sleep.

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7
Q

Electro-oculargraph EOG

A

measures eye movements or eye positions by detecting, amplifying and recording electrical activity in eye muscles that control eye movements.

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8
Q

Value of EOG

A

Indicates when sleeper is in REM sleep to NREM sleep.

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9
Q

Video monitoring

A

Observable physiological responses

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10
Q

Value of Video monitoring

A

Useful for identifying activity of sufferers of sleep disorders.

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11
Q

Self reports

A

self-reported record of an individual’s sleep and waking time activities, usually over a period of several weeks

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12
Q

Value of Sleep Reports

A

Can be used to diagnose causes of sleep phenomena and disorders.

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13
Q

Name the 2 stages of sleep/types of sleep.

A
  • Non rapid eye movement NREM

- Rapid eye movement REM

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14
Q

How long does one cycle of NREM sleep last for in adult?

A

70 - 90 minutes

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15
Q

How does a sleep cycle (including NREM and REM sleep) last for?

A

80 - 120 minutes

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16
Q

What percentage of sleep do we spend in NREM?

A

80%

17
Q

What happens during NREM sleep?

A

May be a time when the body recovers, repairing body tissue, removing waste products and replenishing neurotransmitters that are vital to communication between neurons.

18
Q

How many stars are in NREM sleep?

A

4 stages.

19
Q

NREM stage 1

A

Drift into and out of a true sleep state. Lose awareness of ourselves and our surroundings, aware of faint sounds in our environment.

  • mix of alpha and theta waves
  • 5 to 10 minutes
20
Q

Physiological changes NREM 1

A
  • decrease in heart rate
  • respiration
  • body temperature
  • muscle tension
21
Q

Hypnic jerk

A

a body spasm that may occur during NREM stage 1 sleep.

22
Q

NREM stage 2

A

10 to 20 minutes, body movements lessen, breathing becomes more regular, blood pressure and temperature continue to fall, and heart rate is slower.
-mostly theta waves, plus occasional sleep spindle and K complex

23
Q

Sleep spindle

A

a brief burst of higher frequency brain wave activity during NREM stage 2 sleep - indicator that the person is truly asleep

24
Q

K complex

A

a burst of low-frequency and slightly higher amplitude waves in response to arousing stimuli during NREM stage 2 sleep

25
Q

NREM stage 3 - mix of theta waves and delta waves (20 - 50%)

A

Last for 10 minutes. Moderately deep sleep.
Heart rate, blood pressure and body temperature continue to drop, and the breathing rate continues to be slow and steady. The individual is extremely relaxed and becomes less and less responsive to the outside world.

26
Q

NREM stage 4

A

Very deep sleep.

  • more than 50% delta waves
  • our muscles are completely relaxed and we barely move.
  • sleepwalking, sleep talking, night terrors
27
Q

REM sleep

A
  • irregular, consisting of low- amplitude, relatively high-frequency beta waves, like those produced during alert wakefulness.
  • Blood pressure rises, and breathing is quicker and more irregular.
  • paradoxical sleep
28
Q

Insufficient sleep

A

difficulties concentrating in class, mentally ‘drifting off’ or falling asleep in class, lethargy, problems with staying motivated to do class work, mood swings and difficulties controlling behaviour

29
Q

Biological clock

A

Each day cycle

30
Q

Hormone melatonin

A

Causes us to feel sleepy at night. Effected by presence or absence of sunlight, alarm clocks, meal times

31
Q

Sleep debt

A

-sleep that is owed and needs to be made up.

-

32
Q

Sleep deprivation

A

means going without sleep; that is, sleep loss.

33
Q

Partial sleep deprivation

A

Involves having less than what is normally normally required.

34
Q

Total sleep deprivation.

A

Involves not having any sleep at all.

35
Q

Partial sleep deprivation effects

A

tiredness, lack of energy, lapses in attention, inability to concentrate for a long period of time, a low level
of motivation, loss of interest and enjoyment in previously enjoyed activities, impaired motor skills, irritability and occasional headaches.

36
Q

Total sleep deprivation effects

A

During: anxiety disorders, depression, hypertension, sleep disorders, hallucinations (false perceptions), delusions (false beliefs that are held despite evidence to the contrary) and paranoia (a false belief that others want to harm you).

37
Q

Fact about total sleep deprivation.

A

no long-lasting effects, either psychologically or physiologically.
- were temporary and disappeared after the individual slept uninterrupted.

38
Q

Peter Tripp

A

201 hours

39
Q

Micro sleep

A

is a very short period of drowsiness or sleeping that occurs while the person is apparently awake. During a microsleep, the EEG pattern resembles that of the early stages of NREM sleep. After a microsleep, which usually lasts for a very brief period, individuals may have no recollection of what happened during the microsleep.

40
Q

Restorative theories

A

propose that sleep provides ‘time out’ to help us recover from depleting activities during waking time that use up the body’s physical and mental resources.
According to restorative theories, sleep provides an opportunity for the body to replenish the stores of energy that have been depleted during the day. It also allows any damaged cells to be repaired and various muscles to be detoxified or rid themselves of waste products.

41
Q

Survival theories

A

propose that sleep evolved to enhance survival by protecting an organism through making it inactive during the part of the day when it is most risky or dangerous to move about (Meddis, 1977).

Psychology (9 decks)

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