stat rev

Question 1

Stato means?

Answer 1

Italian of State

Question 2

The word statistics first appeared in print in
the book by

Answer 2

Gottfried achenwall

Question 3

when was the theory of
probability utilized in relation to data

Answer 3

18600

Question 4

is
the degree of likelihood for an event to
happen.

Answer 4

Probability

Question 5

theory of probability has its beginnings
during the time of

Answer 5

Cardano, 1525

Question 6

when was a certain Chevalier de Mere asked
an intriguing question that deals with
probability which provoked the fertile minds
of Blaise Pascal and Pierre de Fermat.

Answer 6

1654

Question 7

the science of collecting, analyzing,
presenting, and interpreting data.

Answer 7

Statistics

Question 8

Governmental
needs for ____ data as well as information about a
variety of economic activities provided much of the
early ____ for the field of statistics.

Answer 8

Census, Impetus

Question 9

is the field of statistics that focuses on
quantitatively description of a collection
of data.
- It is usually used to define the basic
characteristics of the data in a study.

Answer 9

Descriptive statistics

Question 10

It is used to make conclusions of the
probability that a difference between
samples is either reliable or by chance.

Answer 10

Inferential Statistics

Question 11

describes a whole population
while a statistics described a sample of a
given population.

Answer 11

Parameter

Question 12

a measure of “types”
and may be represented in terms of
characteristics, names, or symbols. Answer
the question “what” or “what type”

Answer 12

Qualitative Data

Question 13

a measured of
“values”, or “counts” and expressed in
numerical values. Answer the question “how
many” and “how much”

Answer 13

Quantitative Data

Question 14

data are in original form.

Answer 14

Raw Data

Question 15

data collected is already
arranged in certain pattern such as in
ascending or descending order.

Answer 15

Array Data

Question 16

are the characteristics of the
individual to be observed or measured.

Answer 16

Variables

Question 17

– called the
predictor variable.

Answer 17

Independent Variable

Question 18

Called the criterion Variable

Answer 18

Dependent Variable

Question 19

– variables that
can be expressed in decimals.

Answer 19

Continuous variable

Question 20

variables that cannot be expressed in
decimals.

Answer 20

Discrete or Discontinuous Variable

Question 21

LEVELS OF MEASUREMENTS

Answer 21

Nominal Scale
Ordinal Scale
Interval Scale
Ratio scale

Question 22

Data that consist of names, labels, or
categories only
The data cannot be arranged in an ordering
scheme
numbers or symbols are used to classify an
object or person to identify the group they
belong

Answer 22

Nominal Scale

Question 23

Data contains the properties of nominal
level.
The data can be arranged in an ordering
scheme or ranked.
The difference between the values of the
data cannot be determined. The interval is
meaningless.

Answer 23

Ordinal Scale

Question 24

Data contain the properties of ordinal
level.
Data values can be ranked.
The difference between the values of the
data are of known sizes.
The interval between the values has
meaning.
The “zero” does not imply the absence
of characteristics.
The ratio of data values are meaningless.

Answer 24

Interval Scale

Question 25

Data contain the properties of interval level. The “zero” indicates the absence of the characteristics under consideration The ratio of data values has meaning.

Answer 25

Ratio Scale

Question 26

Uncertainty is a part of our daily lives.  The branch of mathematics that deals with uncertainty is the

Answer 26

Theory of Probablitity

Question 27

number of ways 4 shows up number of ways a balance die can fall = 1 6

Question 28

well-defined results

Answer 28

Experiments

Question 29

are all equally likely or they occur by chance or randomly, it is intuitively clear that they have equal probabilities. Thus, If an experiment has “n” equally likely outcomes, then the probability of each outcomes is 1 n

Answer 29

Outcomes

Question 30

P (E) =

Answer 30

probability of event

Question 31

Are data collected directly by the researcher himself/herself.

Answer 31

Primary Data

Question 32

Are information taken from published and unpublished materials previously gathered by other researchers or agencies such as book, newspaper, magazine, journals, published and unpublished thesis and dissertations.

Answer 32

Secondary Data

Question 33

The 5 methods of data collection

Answer 33

Direct method Indirect Method Registration Method Observation Method Experimental Method

Question 34

“interview method” - done through a direct and personal contact of the researcher with the person from whom data will be collected

Answer 34

Direct Method

Question 35

“questionnaire method” - Executed through the use of either online questionnaire or paper form questionnaires distributed to groups of people.

Answer 35

Indirect Method

Question 36

Done through the gathering of data from concerned offices. - Example: PSA; Registrar Office

Answer 36

Registration Method

Question 37

Purely based on the subjective remarks of the observer. - It is applicable to data pertaining to attitude, behavior, and values of individuals.

Answer 37

Observation Method

Question 38

The method that determines the cause and effect relationships of a certain parameter or event under a controlled condition. - This method is usually used by researchers in the field of sciences.

Answer 38

Experimental Method

Question 39

The complete set of individuals or subjects

Answer 39

Population

Question 40

Is just a representative of the whole population.

Answer 40

Sample

Question 41

How to get the sample size?

Answer 41

n = N / 1+N(e)²

Question 42

n = N = e = E=

Answer 42

n = sample size N = population e = margin of error E= Events

Question 43

Probability sampling

Answer 43

1. Simple random sampling 2. Systematic sampling 3. Stratified sampling 4. Cluster sampling

Question 44

Non-Probability sampling

Answer 44

1. Convinces sampling 2. Voluntary response sampling 3. Purposive sampling 4. Snowball sampling

Question 45

often times used when the population to be considered is too large.

Answer 45

Restricted Random Sampling

Question 46

There are two types of restricted random sampling:

Answer 46

systematic sampling and stratified sampling.

Question 47

The selection of sample is done by picking every k element of the th population k^th = N / n

Answer 47

Systematic Sampling

Question 48

Is a process or activity that generates data

Answer 48

STATISTICAL EXPERIMENT

Question 49

Is an organized record of measurements arranged in columns and rows.

Answer 49

DATA SET

Question 50

is a collection of one or more outcomes of an experiment.

Answer 50

Event ex: E = {TH, HT}

Question 51

is the set/collection of all possible outcomes in an experiment.

Answer 51

SAMPLE SPACE

Question 52

is a function that associates a real number to each element in the sample space. It is a variable whose values are determined by chance.

Answer 52

Random Variable

Question 53

A random variable is a ___________________f its set of possible outcomes is countable. Mostly, discrete random variables represent count data, such as the number of defective chairs produced in a factory.

Answer 53

Discrete Random Variable

Question 54

A random variable is a ___________________ it takes on values on a continuous scale. Often, continuous random variables represent measured data, such as heights, weights, and temperatures.

Answer 54

continuous random variable

Question 55

EVERY UNIT HAS A ‘CHANCE’ OF BEING SELECTED, AND THAT CHANCE CAN BE QUANTIFIED.

Answer 55

Probability Sampling

Question 56

EVERY ITEM IN A POPULATION DOES NOT HAVE AN EQUAL CHANCE OF BEING SELECTED.

Answer 56

Non Probability Sampling

Question 57

TO PREVENT THE POSSIBILITY OF A BIAS OR ERRONEOUS INFERENCE, A RANDOM SAMPLING IS COMMONLY RECOMMENDED.

Answer 57

SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING

Question 58

IN WHICH THE DRAWN PAPERS ARE NO LONGER RETURNED IN THE CONTAINER.

Answer 58

SAMPLING WITHOUT REPLACEMENT

Question 59

INVOLVES RETURNING TO THE CONTAINER EVERY PIECE DRAWN. THIS ARRANGEMENT HOLDS THE PROBABILITY CONSTANT. THUS, IF WE HAVE 10 SLIPS OF PAPER, THE PROBABILITY OF CHOOSING ONE IN 10 IS MAINTAINED THROUGHOUT THE PROCESS.

Answer 59

SAMPLING WITH REPLACEMENT

Question 60

THE ITEMS ARE ARRANGED IN SOME WAY-ALPHABETICALLY OR SOME SORT. - A RANDOM STARTING POINT IS SELECTED; AND THEN EVERY k MEMBER WILL BE THE th SUCCEEDING SAMPLES

Answer 60

2. SYSTEMATIC RANDOM SAMPLING

Question 61

*A POPULATION IS FIRST DIVIDED INTO SUBSETS BASED ON HOMOGENEITY CALLED STRATA.

Answer 61

STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING

Question 62

*SAMPLES ARE SELECTED PROPORTIONALLY FROM EACH STRATUM WHICH CAN BE DONE THROUGH SIMPLE OR SYSTEMATIC RANDOM SAMPLING.

Answer 62

Stratified Random Sampling

Question 63

CAN BE DONE BY SUBDIVIDING THE POPULATION INTO SMALLER UNITS AND THEN SELECTING ONLY AT RANDOM SOME PRIMARY UNITS WHERE THE STUDY WOULD THEN BE CONCENTRATED.

Answer 63

CLUSTER SAMPLING