Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

2nd Sem Midterm rev > stat rev > Flashcards

stat rev Flashcards

1
Q

Stato means?

A

Italian of State

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The word statistics first appeared in print in
the book by

A

Gottfried achenwall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

when was the theory of
probability utilized in relation to data

A

18600

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

is
the degree of likelihood for an event to
happen.

A

Probability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

theory of probability has its beginnings
during the time of

A

Cardano, 1525

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

when was a certain Chevalier de Mere asked
an intriguing question that deals with
probability which provoked the fertile minds
of Blaise Pascal and Pierre de Fermat.

A

1654

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the science of collecting, analyzing,
presenting, and interpreting data.

A

Statistics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Governmental
needs for ____ data as well as information about a
variety of economic activities provided much of the
early ____ for the field of statistics.

A

Census, Impetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

is the field of statistics that focuses on
quantitatively description of a collection
of data.
- It is usually used to define the basic
characteristics of the data in a study.

A

Descriptive statistics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

It is used to make conclusions of the
probability that a difference between
samples is either reliable or by chance.

A

Inferential Statistics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

describes a whole population
while a statistics described a sample of a
given population.

A

Parameter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

a measure of “types”
and may be represented in terms of
characteristics, names, or symbols. Answer
the question “what” or “what type”

A

Qualitative Data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

a measured of
“values”, or “counts” and expressed in
numerical values. Answer the question “how
many” and “how much”

A

Quantitative Data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

data are in original form.

A

Raw Data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

data collected is already
arranged in certain pattern such as in
ascending or descending order.

A

Array Data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

are the characteristics of the
individual to be observed or measured.

A

Variables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

– called the
predictor variable.

A

Independent Variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Called the criterion Variable

A

Dependent Variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

– variables that
can be expressed in decimals.

A

Continuous variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

variables that cannot be expressed in
decimals.

A

Discrete or Discontinuous Variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

LEVELS OF MEASUREMENTS

A

Nominal Scale
Ordinal Scale
Interval Scale
Ratio scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Data that consist of names, labels, or
categories only
The data cannot be arranged in an ordering
scheme
numbers or symbols are used to classify an
object or person to identify the group they
belong

A

Nominal Scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Data contains the properties of nominal
level.
The data can be arranged in an ordering
scheme or ranked.
The difference between the values of the
data cannot be determined. The interval is
meaningless.

A

Ordinal Scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Data contain the properties of ordinal
level.
Data values can be ranked.
The difference between the values of the
data are of known sizes.
The interval between the values has
meaning.
The “zero” does not imply the absence
of characteristics.
The ratio of data values are meaningless.

A

Interval Scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Data contain the properties of interval
level.
The “zero” indicates the absence of the
characteristics under consideration
The ratio of data values has meaning.

A

Ratio Scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Uncertainty is a part of our daily lives.
 The branch of mathematics that deals with
uncertainty is the

A

Theory of Probablitity

27
Q

number of ways 4 shows up
number of ways a balance die can fall =
1
6

A
28
Q

well-defined results

A

Experiments

29
Q

are all equally likely
or they occur by chance or randomly, it
is intuitively clear that they have equal
probabilities. Thus,
If an experiment has “n” equally likely
outcomes, then the probability of each
outcomes is 1
n

A

Outcomes

30
Q

P (E) =

A

probability of event

31
Q

Are data collected directly by the
researcher himself/herself.

A

Primary Data

32
Q

Are information taken from
published and unpublished materials
previously gathered by other
researchers or agencies such as book,
newspaper, magazine, journals,
published and unpublished thesis and
dissertations.

A

Secondary Data

33
Q

The 5 methods of data collection

A

Direct method
Indirect Method
Registration Method
Observation Method
Experimental Method

34
Q

“interview method”
- done through a direct and
personal contact of the researcher
with the person from whom data
will be collected

A

Direct Method

35
Q

“questionnaire method”
- Executed through the use of
either online questionnaire or
paper form questionnaires
distributed to groups of people.

A

Indirect Method

36
Q

Done through the gathering
of data from concerned
offices.
- Example: PSA; Registrar
Office

A

Registration Method

37
Q

Purely based on the subjective
remarks of the observer.
- It is applicable to data pertaining
to attitude, behavior, and values
of individuals.

A

Observation Method

38
Q

The method that determines
the cause and effect
relationships of a certain
parameter or event under a
controlled condition.
- This method is usually used

by researchers in the field of
sciences.

A

Experimental Method

39
Q

The complete set of individuals or
subjects

A

Population

40
Q

Is just a representative of the whole
population.

A

Sample

41
Q

How to get the sample size?

A

n = N / 1+N(e)²

42
Q

n =
N =
e =
E=

A

n = sample size
N = population
e = margin of error
E= Events

43
Q

Probability sampling

A
  1. Simple random sampling
  2. Systematic sampling
  3. Stratified sampling
  4. Cluster sampling
44
Q

Non-Probability sampling

A
  1. Convinces sampling
  2. Voluntary response sampling
  3. Purposive sampling
  4. Snowball sampling
45
Q

often times used when the population to be
considered is too large.

A

Restricted Random Sampling

46
Q

There are two types of restricted random
sampling:

A

systematic sampling and
stratified sampling.

47
Q

The selection of sample is done by
picking every k element of the th
population
k^th = N / n

A

Systematic Sampling

48
Q

Is a process or activity that generates
data

A

STATISTICAL EXPERIMENT

49
Q

Is an organized record of
measurements arranged in columns
and rows.

A

DATA SET

50
Q

is a collection of one or more
outcomes of an experiment.

A

Event
ex: E = {TH, HT}

51
Q

is the set/collection of all possible
outcomes in an experiment.

A

SAMPLE SPACE

52
Q

is a function that associates a real
number to each element in the
sample space. It is a variable whose
values are determined by chance.

A

Random Variable

53
Q

A random variable is a ___________________f its set of possible
outcomes is countable. Mostly,
discrete random variables represent
count data, such as the number of
defective chairs produced in a
factory.

A

Discrete Random Variable

54
Q

A random variable is a ___________________ it takes on values
on a continuous scale. Often,
continuous random variables
represent measured data, such as
heights, weights, and temperatures.

A

continuous
random variable

55
Q

EVERY UNIT HAS A ‘CHANCE’
OF BEING SELECTED, AND
THAT CHANCE CAN BE
QUANTIFIED.

A

Probability Sampling

56
Q

EVERY ITEM IN A POPULATION
DOES NOT HAVE AN EQUAL
CHANCE OF BEING SELECTED.

A

Non Probability Sampling

57
Q

TO PREVENT THE POSSIBILITY
OF A BIAS OR ERRONEOUS
INFERENCE, A RANDOM
SAMPLING IS COMMONLY
RECOMMENDED.

A

SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING

58
Q

IN WHICH THE DRAWN PAPERS
ARE NO LONGER RETURNED IN
THE CONTAINER.

A

SAMPLING WITHOUT
REPLACEMENT

59
Q

INVOLVES RETURNING TO THE
CONTAINER EVERY PIECE
DRAWN.

THIS ARRANGEMENT HOLDS THE
PROBABILITY CONSTANT. THUS, IF
WE HAVE 10 SLIPS OF PAPER, THE

PROBABILITY OF CHOOSING ONE
IN 10 IS MAINTAINED
THROUGHOUT THE PROCESS.

A

SAMPLING WITH
REPLACEMENT

60
Q

THE ITEMS ARE ARRANGED IN
SOME WAY-ALPHABETICALLY
OR SOME SORT.
- A RANDOM STARTING POINT IS
SELECTED; AND THEN EVERY
k MEMBER WILL BE THE th
SUCCEEDING SAMPLES

A
  1. SYSTEMATIC RANDOM
    SAMPLING
61
Q

*A POPULATION IS FIRST DIVIDED
INTO SUBSETS BASED ON
HOMOGENEITY CALLED STRATA.

A

STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING

62
Q

*SAMPLES ARE SELECTED
PROPORTIONALLY FROM EACH
STRATUM WHICH CAN BE DONE
THROUGH SIMPLE OR
SYSTEMATIC RANDOM SAMPLING.

A

Stratified Random Sampling

63
Q

CAN BE DONE BY SUBDIVIDING
THE POPULATION INTO SMALLER
UNITS AND THEN SELECTING
ONLY AT RANDOM SOME
PRIMARY UNITS WHERE THE
STUDY WOULD THEN BE
CONCENTRATED.

A

CLUSTER SAMPLING

2nd Sem Midterm rev (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions