Applied research

Question 1

‘‘Research is to see what nobody else has seen,
and to think what nobody else has thought”

Answer 1

Albert Szent-Gyorgi

Question 2

is a procedure by which we attempt
to find systematically, and with the support of
demonstrable fact, the answer to a question or
the solution of a problem

Answer 2

Research (Leedy, 1989).

Question 3

Research is the systematic, controlled,
empirical and critical investigation of
hypothetical propositions about presumed
relations among natural phenomena

Answer 3

(Kerlinger, 1970)

Question 4

Research is a process of steps used to collect
and analyze information to increase our
understanding of a topic or issue

Answer 4

(Creswell).

Question 5

Research is a process of gathering data to
solve a particular or specific problem in
scientific manner

Answer 5

(Halpin, 1996).

Question 6

Research is a careful, critical, disciplined
inquiry, varying in technique and method
according to the nature and conditions of the
problem identified, directed toward the
clarification or resolution of the problem

Answer 6

(Good and Scates, 1972).

Question 7

c. It follows an orderly and
sequential procedure that leads to the discovery of
the truth or solution

Answer 7

Researchh is systematic

Question 8

All the procedures
employed and data gathered are perceived in the
same manner by all observers.

Answer 8

research is empirical

Question 9

The data of all
researchers have to be analyzed, presented, and
interpreted

Answer 9

research is analytical

Question 10

All the findings
and conclusions are logically based on empirical
data

Answer 10

Research is objective and logical

Question 11

Experimental
research requires hypothesis that need to be tested.

Answer 11

research employs hypothesis

Question 12

Data are
transformed into numerical measures and are treated
statistically to determine their significance or
usefulness.

Answer 12

Research employs statistical methods

Question 13

Except in historical
research, data are gathered from primary sources or
first-hand sources and not from secondary sources

Answer 13

research is original work

Question 14

Only experts use
valid data, carefully designed procedures, and valid
research instrument.

Answer 14

Research is done by an expert

Question 15

A research carelessly done due to racing against time
may lead to incorrect findings and shaky
conclusions

Answer 15

Research is a patient and unhurried activity

Question 16

Research involves much work, time, personnel, and
money.

Answer 16

research requires an effort making capacity

Question 17

Characteristics of research

Answer 17

research is systematic
Research is Empirical
Research is analytical
research is objective and logical
research employs hypothesis
research employs statistical methods
research is original work
research is done by an expert
research is a patient and unhurried activity
research requires an effort -making capacity
research requires courage

Question 18

At times, the
researcher encounters public disapproval,
frustration, undergo hazards, sleepless nights, etc.
But, despite of these problems, the researcher
should be brave enough to finish and pursue the
effort started.

Answer 18

Research require courage

Question 19

Ethics in Research

Answer 19

1.Minimize the risk of harm
2. Get permission/obtain informed consent
3. Protect anonymity and confidentiality
4. Honesty.
5. Objectivity
6. Integrity
7. Carefulness.
8. Openness.
9. Respect for Intellectual Property.
10. Confidentiality.
11. Responsible Publication.
12. Responsible Mentoring.
13. Respect for colleagues.
14. Social Responsibility.
15. Non-Discrimination.
16. Competence
17. Legality.
18. Animal Care.
19. Human Subjects Protection.

Question 20

“Planning is bringing the future into the present
so that you can do something about it now.”

Answer 20

Alan Lakein

Question 21

Based on Application of Research Method

Answer 21

a. Pure Research
b. Applied Research

Question 22

Four types of research

Answer 22

1. Based on Application of Research Method
2. Based on Purpose of the Research
3. Based on the Types of Data Needed
4. Data you deal with research

Question 23

deals with concepts, principles,
or abstract things. It aims to increase your
knowledge about something

Answer 23

Pure research

Question 24

– to apply your chosen
research to societal problems or issues, finding
ways to make positive changes in society.

Answer 24

applied research

Question 25

Based on Purpose of the Research

Answer 25

Descriptive Research
Correlational Research
Explanatory Research
Exploratory Research
Action Research

Question 26

– defining or giving
portrayal or picture of a person , thing, event, group,
situation, etc.

Answer 26

Desrciptive research

Question 27

shows relationships or
connectedness of two factors, circumstances, or
agents called variables that affect the research.

Answer 27

Correlation research

Question 28

elaborates or explains
not just the reasons behind the relationship of two
factors but also the way in which such relationships
exist.

Answer 28

Explanatory research

Question 29

to find out how reasonable or possible it is to
conduct a research study on a certain topic.
- is a methodology approach
that explores research questions that have not
previously been studied in depth.
– It is often used when the issue you’re studying is
new, or the data collection process is challenging in
some way.

Answer 29

Exploratory Research

Question 30

an ongoing practice of a
school, organization, community or institution for
the purpose of obtaining results that will bring
improvements in the system

Answer 30

Action Research

Question 31

Based on the Types of Data Needed

Answer 31

. Qualitative Research
Quantitative Research –

Question 32

requires non-numerical
data to express the results, the inquiry of the
investigation about people’s thoughts, beliefs,
feelings, views, and lifestyles regarding the object
of the study.

Answer 32

Qualitative Research

Question 33

– involves measurement
of data. It presents research findings referring to the
number of frequency of something in numerical
forms (percentages, fractions, numbers)

Answer 33

Quantitative

Question 34

Data you deal with research

Answer 34

Primary Data
Secondary Data

Question 35

APPROACHES TO RESEARCH

Answer 35

a. Scientific or Positive Approach
b. Naturalistic approach
c. Triangulation Approach

Question 36

uses words to express
data. These are data that express truths about the
way people perceive or understand the world.

Answer 36

Naturalistic Approach

Question 37

combining scientific
and naturalistic approach. You are free to gather and
analyze data using multiple methods. It gives you
the opportunity to view every angle of the research
from different perspectives

Answer 37

Triangular Approach

Question 38

– discover and
measure information as well as observe and control
variables in an impersonal manner. It allows control
of variables.

Answer 38

Scientific or positive approach

Question 39

a. Will it harm participants?
b. Will it cause discomfort and distress?
c. Will it exploit social disadvantage?
d. Will it harm the identify and anonymity
of the respondents
e. Will it cause financial burden to all the
participants

Answer 39

Minimize the risk of harm

Question 40

a. Participants/informants are volunteers
b. Write a letter
c. Permission to go undercover
d. Cite and refer

Answer 40

Get permission/ obtain informed consent

Question 41

Data privacy act of 2012

Answer 41

Protect anonymity and confidentiality

Question 42

Honestly report data, results, methods and
procedures, and publication status.
Do not fabricate, falsify, or misrepresent data. Do
not deceive colleagues, sponsors, or the public.
a. Making false promises to informants/respondents
b. fake data

Answer 42

Honesty

Question 43

Strive to avoid bias in data analysis,
data interpretation, personnel decisions, expert
testimony, and other aspects of research where
objectivity is expected or required. Avoid or
minimize self-deception

Answer 43

Objectivity

Question 44

. Keep your promises and agreements;
act with sincerity; strive for consistency of thought
and action.

Answer 44

Integrity

Question 45

. Avoid careless errors and
negligence. Keep good records of research
activities, such as data collection, research design,
and correspondence with agencies or journals.

Answer 45

Carefulness

Question 46

Share data, results, ideas, tools,
resources. Be open to criticism and new ideas.

Answer 46

openness

Question 47

Honour
patents, copyrights, and other forms of intellectual
property. Do not use unpublished data, methods, or
results without permission. Give proper
acknowledgment or credit for all contributions to
research. Never plagiarize

Answer 47

Respect of intellectual property

Question 48

Protect confidential
communications, such as personnel records, trade or
military secrets, and patient records.

Answer 48

Confidentiality

Question 49

. Publish in order to
advance research and scholarship, not to advance
just your own career. Avoid wasteful and
duplicative publication.

Answer 49

Responsible publication

Question 50

Help to educate, and
advise students. Promote their welfare and allow
them to make their own decisions.

Answer 50

Responsible mentoring

Question 51

s. Respect your
colleagues and treat them fairly.

Answer 51

Respect for colleagues

Question 52

Strive to promote social
good and prevent social harms.

Answer 52

Social responsibility

Question 53

Avoid discrimination
against people on the basis of sex, race, ethnicity, or
other factors not related to scientific competence.

Answer 53

Non discrimination

Question 54

Maintain and improve your own
professional competence and expertise through
lifelong education and learning

Answer 54

Competence

Question 55

Know and obey relevant laws and
institutional and governmental policies

Answer 55

Legality

Question 56

Show proper respect for animals
when using them in research. Do not conduct
unnecessary animal experiments.

Answer 56

Animal Care

Question 57

Minimize harms
and risks and maximize benefits; respect human
dignity and privacy; and strive to distribute the
benefits and burdens of research fairly.

Answer 57

Human Subject Protection