Start of The Cold War

Question 1

Ideology: Who did the West support in the Russian civil war and when was it?

Answer 1

The Bolshevik opposition

1918

Question 2

Ideology: How did Churchill describe socialism?

Answer 2

“Socialism is the philosophy of failure, creed of ignorance and gospel of envy”

Question 3

Ideology: How did Stalin view the conflict between socialism and capitalism?

Answer 3

Inevitable

Question 4

Personalities: What was the main disagreement over at Tehran conference?

Answer 4

Stalin wanted the opening of a second front and the West delayed operations - leading to suspicion

Question 5

Personalities: Why was there increased tension at Potsdam conference?

Answer 5

Truman who replaced FDR was very rough and Atlee replaced Churchill - the original members of GA gone and new ones out of place?

Question 6

Personalities: What did Truman say in 1941 that he would do to the Russians if they were in a war against Germany?

Answer 6

“Kill as many as possible”

Question 7

Personalities: What did Truman most notably say to Stalin at Potsdam?

Answer 7

He mentioned the A-Bomb

Question 8

Personalities: Why was Atlees replacal of Churchill bad for relations? What document had Churchill previously made with Stakin?

Answer 8

Churchill was, prior to removal, a good negotiated and had signed the “naughty document” with Stalin

Question 9

Personalities: Out of 10 how anti-communist was Truman?

Answer 9

11

Question 10

What speech did Churchill give in 1946 that heated up tensions?

Answer 10

Iron curtain

Question 11

Personalities: Why was the IC speech heating relations?

Answer 11

It represented western perspective of the soviet government actions as out of order and aggressive

Question 12

Personalities: How did John Lewis Gaddis view the personality factor of the starting of the Cold War?

Answer 12

“Could have removed Roosevelt, Churchill, Truman and others and a Cold War would still have probably started” - blames Stalin

Question 13

National interests: When did the USSR take over Romania, Hungary and Czechoslovakia?

Answer 13

Romania (1947)
Hungary (1947)
Czechoslovakia (1948)

Question 14

National interests: What did the USSR call the bloc that protected them against invasion?

Answer 14

Buffer Zone

Question 15

National interests: which organisations were used to secure and maintain the satellite states?

Answer 15

Cominform and Comecon

Question 16

National interests: Why were the USA interested in the state of Europe?

Answer 16

Because they were fearful of communism spreading and threatening there trade partners “Dollar Imperialsim”

Question 17

National interests: What plans were initiated to achieve the US interests?

Answer 17

Marshall Plan & Truman Doctrine

Question 18

National interests: How much money was donated through the Marshal Plan?

Answer 18

$17 Billion

Question 19

Misjudgements: What did the USA assume the USSR buffer zone was? What was a more likely scenario?

Answer 19

An aggressive expansion westwards to threaten the might of the USA.
The USSR were crippled after WW2 and needed to control the Eastern Europe so that there was a reinforced barrier to allow recuperate

Question 20

Misjudgements: How did the USSR misjudge the USA?

Answer 20

Marshall and Truman plans were seen as undermining the USSR to dismantle their security so they could attack them later

Question 21

Power Vaccumn: How did the vacuum cause the Cold War?

Answer 21

Brought the two superpowers conflicting blueprints for rebuilding the world together

Question 22

TGPR: Give 3 examples of how the USA & USSR indicated a rivalry

Answer 22

USA supporting Bolshevik opposition in 1918 Russia c.war
USA refusing to share nuclear technology in 1945
USSR creating a defensive buffer zone

Question 23

Ideology: When was the Bolshevik Revolution?

Answer 23

1917