Peaceful Coexistsnce: Failure Or Success? Flashcards
What are the two indications of the success of peaceful coexistence?
1) Improved diplomacy and negotiations
2) The reluctance to use nuclear weapons
What are the pieces of evidence that you could use for improved diplomacy?
1955 Geneva Summit (partially) 1955 Austrian State Treaty 1956 Soviet Withdrawal of Finland 1956 Secret Speech 1959 Camp David Summit (partially)
What happened at the Geneva Summit and when was it?
The 1955 Geneva summit was the first meeting of the Cold War and established a face to face diplomacy. Khrushchev also propose the abandonment of NATO and WP
What were indications that the Geneva Summit was a failure?
Issues over reunification of Germany and Open Skies
When and what was the Austrian State Treaty?
In 1955 USA, USSR, GB and Francs agreed to reunify Austria into one country
When did the USSR remove their troops from Finland?
1956
What happened at the Camp David Summit?
The USA and USSR established a working relationship entwine themselves and agreed for a new summit in 1960
What could you say for how the fear of M.A.D lead to improved diplomacy?
The fear was so great that the two powers were reluctant to provoke and antagonise the other and so lead to a peaceful diplomatic relationship. This was shown with the Hungarian Uprising in 1956 and the reluctance of the USSR to get involved in the Taiwan Straits
What are the two indications of the failure of peaceful coexistence?
1) The escalation of the arms race and space race
2) Lack of trust behind the scenes
How does the Arms Race and Space race suggest that there wasn’t peaceful coexistence?
It showed that it was a failure because the two sides felt that they could not trust each other enough to completely abandon their backups and support. The space race also showed that they were unable to cooperate and work together with each other for a mutual goal
Name 3 of the big bombs that were produced by the USA and USSR between 1953-61 and when they were produced
1953 = Joe 4 (USSR) 1954 = Castle Bravo (USA) 1961 = Tsar Bomba (USSR)
How did Brinkmanship lead to increased tension and a lack of US commitment to PC?
It showed that the USSR were prepare to jeopardise PC through the use of nuclear weapons to ensure that they remained dominant and in control. However PC was all about accepting each other and promoting peace
When was Sputnik 1 launched?
1957
When was NASA created and the first USA satellite?
1958
What was the Rapacki Plan and when?
In 1958 the plan proposed the abolishment of all nuclear weapons. It was rejected by NATO but accepted by WP
How did the lack of trust between the USA and USSR behind the scenes increase tension?
The increased espionage from the US showed that the two states were unable to realistically work together and that they were not committed to the idea of peace and coexistence. There were also a number of ideological tensions that still existed that showed they had not come to accepting each others political status
Name 3 operations that were organised by Eisenhower and Dulles and when
Operation Aquatone
Operation Genetrix
Bay of Pigs
What was proposed by Eisenhower at the Geneva summit that caused tension and what was it?
Open Skies Policy was a proposal to allow both sides to check that both states were keeping to agreements and not planning surprise attacks. It suggested that Eisenhower had a lack of trust and respect of for the USSR and that the USA were not committed to the PC
When and what summit did the U2 Spy Plane incident lead to the collapse of?
1960 Paris Summit
What was the Eisenhower Doctrine?
The US would support any middle eastern country at threat from Communism
What was the quote by Eisenhower in regards to communism?
It was “ruthless in purpose and insidious in method”
What is the order of paragraphing for this sort of question?
1) Improved diplomacy
2) Arms Race and Space Race
3) Arms Race caused M.A.D
4) Espionage and behind the scenes
