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Astronomy > Stars and the Night Sky > Flashcards

Stars and the Night Sky Flashcards

1
Q

What is an Asterism?

A

part of a bigger constellation (e.g. Orions belt)

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2
Q

What does it mean if the the star has a smaller magnitude?

A

It is brighter star

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3
Q

what happens if the stars magnitude is >6?

A

You cannot see it with the naked eye.

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4
Q

What colour are little stars?

A

yellow

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5
Q

what size is the star if it is blue?

A

big (bigger than yellow stars)

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6
Q

what colour is and old star?

A

Red

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7
Q

what temperature is a red star?

A

3 000 kelvin (cool)

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8
Q

what stars are around 6 000 kelvin?

A

yellow stars (like the sun)

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9
Q

how hot are blue stars?

A

12 000 kelvin

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10
Q

What is declination?

A

(in degrees) is the sky equivalent of latitude. the celestial equator is 0 degrees, directly above the south pole is -90 degrees.

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11
Q

What is right ascension?

A

(in hours and minutes) is the sky equivalent of longditude. it is measured from a point in Pisces, ORA (it used to be in Aries).

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12
Q

what is a double star?

A

2 stars that appear close in the sky but in relaity are very far apart.

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13
Q

What do you call 2 stars which orbit each other?

A

binary stars

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14
Q

What are eclipsing binary stars?

A

where the binary stars pass in front of each other: the when the little star is infront there is a secondary eclispe where the magnitude drops slightly but when the bigger star is infront there is a secondary eclispe and the magnitude drops alot.

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15
Q

what does M = m+5(logd) work out?

A

how bright a star is

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16
Q

What is trigonometric parallax?

A

This depends on the apparent motion of near by stars compared to more distant stars.

17
Q

how do you work out the distance to a star?

A

D = 1 / parallax angle (arcseconds)

18
Q

What is a Stellar nebula?

A

Where stars are born (protostars are formed in it when hydrogen is converted into helium)

19
Q

what are the two main sequence stars?

A

yellow dwarf and blue super giant

20
Q

what are the two types of red star?

A

red giant and red super giant

21
Q

what does a red giant star turn into?

A

planetary nebula

22
Q

what does a red super giant turn into?

A

Supernova (the star reaches high enough temperatures to turn helium into carbon)

23
Q

why does a planetary nebula turn into a white dwarf?

A

because the carbon continues to contract. Once it can’t contract any more its supported by electron pressure making it a white dwarf.

24
Q

what does a white dwarf turn into?

A

a black dwarf

25
Q

what does supernova create?

A

a black hole or a neutron star

26
Q

What does OBAFGKM mean?

A

it is a way of star classification.

27
Q

What does O mean in the OBAFGKM?

A

ionized and neutral helium, blue, 31000k+

28
Q

What does B mean in the OBAFGKM?

A

neutral helium, stronger hydrogen, blue-white, 9750k - 31000 k

29
Q

What does A mean in the OBAFGKM?

A

strong hydrogen, ionized metals, white, 7100-9750 K

30
Q

What does F mean in the OBAFGKM?

A

weak hydrogen, ionized metals, yellow-white, 5950-7100 K

31
Q

What does G mean in the OBAFGKM?

A

weaker hydrogen, ionized+neutral metals, yellow 5250-5950 K

32
Q

What does K mean in the OBAFGKM?

A

weaker hydrogen, neutral metals, orange, 3800-5259 K

33
Q

What does M mean in the OBAFGKM?

A

little hydrogen,neutral metals, molecules, red, 2200-3800k

34
Q

What is the Herztsrung Russell Diagram?

A

The HR diagram a tool to study star evolution. it plots temperature of the stars against luminosity or colour against their absolute magnitude.

35
Q

What is a Parsec?

A

the distance to a star with a parallax angle of 1 second of an arc.

36
Q

how do you work out distance to a star?

A

distance (parsecs) = 1/parallax angle (seconds of arc)

Astronomy (16 decks)

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