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Astronomy > Earth > Flashcards

Earth Flashcards

1
Q

From what direction does the earth spin on its axis?

A

West to East

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2
Q

What shape is the earth?

A

Oblate speroid

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3
Q

What is the diameter of the earth?

A

13 000km

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4
Q

What is the ‘line’ above the equator called?

A

tropic of Capricorn, tropic of cancer cancer is below the equator.

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5
Q

What is the core made out of?

A

Radioactive Iron & Nickel

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6
Q

why is the inner core liquid but the outer core liquid?

A

Because of pressure.

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7
Q

Go through the structure of the earth from outside in.

A

Crust -> Mantle (liquid) -> outer core -> inner core

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8
Q

the aphelion is when earth is furthest from the sun, what is it called when the Earth is closest to the sun?

A

Perihelion.

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9
Q

what causes the season of summer in Britain?

A

when the Earth’s axis is tilted away from the sun, England has more sunlight hours.

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10
Q

what is another cause of seasons?

A

The concentration of sunlight in different areas, due the the circular shape the equators sunlight is more concentrated because its spread over a smaller area.

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11
Q

how long is a sidereal day on earth (how long it takes to rotate on its axis)?

A

23hrs56mins

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12
Q

how long is a solar day on earth (how long it take for the sun to get to the highest point in the sky to the highest point in the sky)?

A

24hrs

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13
Q

how faraway from the sun is Earth?

A

150 000 000km from the sun (1AU)

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14
Q

what types of light from the electromagnetic spectrum are absorbed by the atmosphere?

A

infra-red, Ultra violet & x-rays

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15
Q

What are the van allen radiation belts?

A

Regions of radiation that encircle the earth. One effect is trapping charged particles which can damage satellites.The radiation belts are a result of the Earth’s magnetic field, and contain mostly protons.

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16
Q

What is the equation of time?

A

EoT= AST - MST

17
Q

are you east or west of Greenwich is the sun is ahead of your watch?

A

East.

18
Q

how many degrees of longitude is 4 minutes?

A

1

19
Q

how many degrees of longitude is 1 hour?

A

15

20
Q

What did Eratosthenes discover?

A

Circumference of the Earth. In Syene the sun appeared at the Zenith at midday. He then measured the angle of elevation of the sun at midday in Alexandria he found it was 7 degrees south of the zenith. H assumed the earth was spherical and Alexandria was north of Syene. He then divided 360 by 7 to make 51.4 and multiplied it by 5000 = 257 000 stadia (47500km)

21
Q

What is greatest elongation?

A

when a planet appears the furthest from the sun it can be, e.g. the sun is on the east horizon and the planet is on the west horizon.

22
Q

What is it called when one object blocks another from view? (passes in front of it.)

A

Occulation

Astronomy (16 decks)

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