Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology 2 > Staphylococcus > Flashcards

Staphylococcus Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Physical Characteristics of Staphylococcus

A

gram positive cocci in pairs

short chain and clusters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Oxygen requirement and enzyme test positivity of Staphylococcus

A

aerobic and facultatively anaerobic
catalase positive
oxidase negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Reproduction and Motility of Staphylococcus

A

Non motile
Non spore forming
Fermentative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pigment present in Staphylococcus

A 
Carotenoid pigment
(S. aureum=gold)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Habitat of Staphylococcus

A

Commensal of the skin and mucous membranes
Upper respiratory and digestive tracts of warm blooded animals

Normal in nasal membrane, nasopharynx, skin, perineum, GI tract genital tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

S. aureus

A 
Bovine - Mastitis, 
Canine - Pyoderma, UTI
Equine - Botryomycosis
Feline - UTI
Porcine - Mastitis. Metritis
Fowl - Bumblefoot
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

S. hyicus

A

Porcine - Exudative epidermitis (Greasy Pig Disease)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

S. intermedius

A

Canine - Pyoderma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

S. delphini

A

Dolphin - Purulent skin lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

S. schleiferi ssp. coagulans

A

Canine - Otitis Externa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Virulence Factors of Staphylococcus

A 
Hemolysin
Leukocidin
Enterotoxin
Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin (TSST 1)
Exfoliatin (epidermolytic toxin)
Hyaluronidase
Lipase
Staphylokinase
Coagulase
Siderophore
Carotenoids
Catalase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Catalase negative and anaerobic Staphylococcus

A

S. saccharolyticus

S. aureus ssp. anaerobius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Different classes of Hemolysin

A 
Alpha
Beta
Delta
Epsilon
Gamma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hemolysis type of Alpha toxin and action

A

Complete Hemolysis
Beta Hemolysis

Causes spasm of smooth vascular muscle, vasoconstriction, dermonecrotizing, lethal, osmotic lysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hemolysis type of Beta toxin and action

A 
Partial Hemolysis (Complete if cold)
Alpha Hemolysis

Hot cold hemolysis
Degrades sphingomyelin
In bacteriophange gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hemolysis type of Delta toxin

A

Complete

Damage cells in the vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hemolysis type of Epsilon and Gamma toxin

A

Epsilon - Complete

Gamma - Partial

18
Q

Causes pore formation on WBC, kills PMN and macrophanges

A

Leukocidin

19
Q

Types of Enterotoxins

A

A, B, C1-3, D, E, G, H, I

Present in many S. aureus and S. intermedius
Stimulate emetic centers of the brain

20
Q

Enterotoxin associated with Staphylococcus food poisoning in humans

A

Enterotoxin A

21
Q

A non emetic, pseudoenterotoxin, analogous to pyrogenic toxin of strep, superantigen, can cause tolerance

A

Toxic Shock syndrome Toxin (TSST 1)

22
Q

Causes staphylococcal skin syndrome (SSS) and Exudative epidermitis

A

Exfoliatin (epidermolytic toxin)

ShET - pigs
SET - humans

23
Q

Present when slight rubbing of the skin results in exfoliation of the outermost layer. Detachment pf epidermis from the skin

A

Nikolsky’s Sign

24
Q

Found in the cell wall that binds immunoglobulin via the nonspecific Fc receptor, disrupts opsonization and phagocytosis

A

Protein A

25
Q

When present it offers a physical barrier to phagocytic ingestion by masking immunoglobulin Fc site

A

capsule

26
Q

Degrades urea converting it into ammonia, makes urine more alkaline
Damages mucosa of epithelium
Causes urinary stone formation

A

Urease

27
Q

Breaks down hyaluronic acid

A

Hyaluronidase

28
Q

Cleaves either DNA or RNA

A

Nuclease

29
Q

Hydrolyses lipids, fats, and oils

A

Lipases

30
Q

Causes lysis of clots in Staphylococcus infection

A

Staphylokinase (fibrinolysin)

31
Q

Coagulates plasma (staphylothrombin)

A

Coagulase (clumping factor)

32
Q

Responsible for iron acquisition from extracellular source

A

Siderophore (staphyloferrin B)

33
Q

Detoxifies reactive oxygen compounds and gives a golden yellow pigment

A

Carotenoids

34
Q

Destroys H2O2 produced by phagocytes

A

catalase

35
Q

The predominant pattern of Staphylococcus infections

A

Suppuration and Abscess formation

36
Q

Stages of abscess formation

A
  1. Acute inflammation
  2. Chemotactic factors
  3. Outpouring of large amounts of lysosomal enzymes from damages neutrophils
  4. Inflammatory area walled off by thick-walled fibrin capsule
37
Q

Resistance of Staphylococcus

A

Drying for weeks
Heating up to 60°C for 30 minutes
pH fluctuations from 9.5 to 4
7.5% salt concentration

38
Q

Sample collection for Staphylococcus

A

Aspirate from unopened lesions, milk samples, blood, urine

39
Q

Isolation and Identification of Staphylococcus

A

Blood Agar Plates + 15mg Nalidixic Acid/10mg Colistin

Mannitol Salt Agar

Baird Parker Agar

40
Q

Remaining useful antibiotic against Staphylococcus

A

Vancomycin

But vancomycin resistance has been documented

Microbiology 2 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions