Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Micro > Staph > Flashcards

Staph Flashcards

1
Q

What is implicated in nasal and skin colonization

A

Adhesins and wall techoic acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Leading cause of nasocomial infx

A

Staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Latrogenic infx

A

Due to activity of doctors or therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Colonization (4Ds)

A

Diabetics
Dialysis patients
Damaged skin
AIDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Transmission is via

A

Direct contact skin to skin

Contact with fomites (contaminated objects)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

General characteristics

A

Pyogenic non motile
Non sporing
Gram positive
Aerobes or facultative anaerobes

Aureus n lugdunesis are most virulent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Coagulase

A

Bacterial surface enzyme
Converts fibrinogen to fibrin

2 types free and bound

Free is secreted extracellular

Bound is clumping factor. Associated with cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Device related and urinary tract infx commonly caused by

A

Staph epidermidis haemolyticus and saprophyticus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Focal infections

A

Anterior eye infx
Cutaneous infx
Catheter infx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Toxin producing strains

A

Food posing
Toxic shock syndrome
Scalded skin syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Disseminated infx due to bacteremia

A

Post eye infx
Pneumonia
Endocarditis
Septic arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Factors facilitating colonization

A

Binds nasal epithelial ligands
Clumping factor b, iron regulated surface determinant a

Resist antimicrobial peptides
Aureolysin / staphlokinase / protein f

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Atopic dermatitis

A

Chronic and intermittent skin inflammation associated with allergic rx
Accompanied with elevate serum igE levels

S aureus colonizes 40-90% of patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

MRSA

A

Methicillin resistant

Most important in hospitals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Coagulase test

A

Only S aureus is positive bc it has free coagulase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Virulence is determined by 2 regulatory genes

A

Accessory gene regulator agr (part of quorum sensing) (influence biofilm)
Staph accessory regulator sar

17
Q

Catalase test

A

Positive organisms rapidly make bubbles when exposed to a solution containing hydrogen peroxide

All staph contain catalase

18
Q

Genome

A

Core
Accessory due to acquisition of info from horizontal transfer (has pathogenicity islands)
Foreign

19
Q

PBP2a

A

Insensitive to penicillin and beta lactam

Makes cell wall peptodoglycan even when normal penicillin binding proteins are inhibited

20
Q

MSCRAMMS

A

Mediate adherence to host tissues

Key role in initiation of endovascular infections, bone and joint infections and prosthetics infection

21
Q

Virulence factors

A

Phagocytic inhibitors (protein a)
Surface proteins for climbing (clump factor, collagen binding protein, coagulase)
Exotoxins (toxic shock, exofoliation, super antigens)
Membrane damaging toxins (haemolysins, leukotoxins, leukocidins)
Invasins (kinases, hyaluronidase, staphulkinae, lipase)

22
Q

Protein a

A

Prevents opsoniZation and phagocytosis

Bind Fc part of IgG

Binds to von Willebrand factor - which is present at damage site of epithelium

23
Q

Coagulase

A

Exotocin that forms fibrin around bacteria and protects from phagocytosis

Production is synonymous with invasive pathogenic potential

24
Q

Clumping factor

A

Surface protein
Responsible for adherence of organisms to fibrinogen and fibrin

Role in wound and foreign body infx

25
Q

Haemolysins

A

Produced to disable immune defenses
Destroy neutrophils, RBCs, macrophages and platelets
Alpha subtype is pore forming toxin causing leukocyte destruction

26
Q

Leucocidins

A

Destroy leucocytes

27
Q

Staph mechanism

A

Makes proteins to burrow thru tissues and metastasize other sites
Hyaluronidase is spreading factor
Protease destroys tissue proteins
Staphylokinase causes fibrinolysis
Lipase degrades fats and oils that help colonize sebaceous gland

28
Q

Staph aureus has a capsule

A

Causes frustrated phagocytosis

Peptidoglucan cel wall has endotoxin like activity and impt on causing infx

29
Q

Exfoliative toxins are exotoxins

A

Cause skin to slough off
Super antigens

They are enterotoxins

30
Q

Hallmark pathology

A

Pyogenic inflammation
Local destructiveness
Cause abscess formation
Initial response is polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) response and subsequent infiltration of macrophage and fibroblasts

31
Q

Skin infections

A

Abscess, faruncle
Carbuncle: deep subcutaneous infx that spreads and burrows into skin sinuses

Impetigo : contagious infx around Lithuania where postules may form (epidermis)

Folliculitis: yellow postule with narrow red margin (superficial dermis)

Fsruncle: deep dermis, infx of hair follicle and surrounding skin

32
Q

CNS impacts

A

Spread by blood or adjacent structures followed by sinusitis

Cause brain abscesses then aortic valve endocarditis then papilledema

Staph causes spinal epidural abscess

Causes intracranial thrombophlebitis

33
Q

Endovascular infx

A

Hear valves
Acute endocarditis had 50% mortality
Most common cause of acute osteomyelitis

34
Q

Trojan horse mechanism of blood borne transmission

A

Tissue innoculation to
Bloodstream (dissemination)
Tissue metastatic infection (bone heart and prosthetics)

35
Q

Gastroenteritis

A

Due to one of 8 types of toxins
Need to replace fluid electrolyte loss
Food poisoning

36
Q

Toxic shock syndrome

A

Due to exotoxin release
High fever vomiting diarrhea rash
Redness Of mucosa

37
Q

In relation to eye fibronectin

A

Binds corneal cells

Mediated by fibronectin binding Pretoria in bacterial

Micro (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions