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Micro > Pseudomonas > Flashcards

Pseudomonas Flashcards

1
Q

Pseudomonas is commonly encountered as a _____ pathogen

A

Nasocomial

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2
Q

Pseudomonas likes to be in ____ env

A

Moist

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3
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa manifests in

A 
Lung optimistic infx 
Skin
Urinary tract 
Ear
Eye
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4
Q

Pseudomonas morphology

A 
Aerobic
Gram negative 
Rods
Identified in agar (non fastidious) 
Has polar flagellum
Many pili (type 4)
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5
Q

Alginate

A

Extracellular polysaccharide (mucous)
Produced by all pseudomonas
Esp seen in cystic fibrosis
Impt role in biofilm formation

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6
Q

Centrimide agar

A

Selective media allows growth of pseudomonas but not others

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7
Q

Lactose fermentation test

A

Shows e colo n most enteric bacteria bc they ferment lactose

Pseudomonas are nonfermentative

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8
Q

Cytochrome oxidase test

A

Pseudomonas has cytochrome enzyme so will cause reagent to turn black

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9
Q

Coloured pigments

A

Pseudomonas will turn blue yellow or rust when in culture with the pigments

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10
Q

Number — cause of ventilator associated pneumonia

A 
#2 
Staph aureus is #1
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11
Q

Number — gram neg cause for UTI

A

2,

Ecoli is one

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12
Q

P aeurginoas is associated most with ppl who have

A 
Cystic fibrosis 
Or 
Burn patients
Or 
Ppl with neutropenia
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13
Q

Collectins

A

Surfactant proteins A, D

Soluble molecules involved in innate resistance to p aeruginosa

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14
Q

Bacterial attachment is mediated by

A

Alginate
Pili n flagellum
Outer membrane proteins
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binds to CFTR cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator

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15
Q

Stages of biofilm formation (5)

A 
Reversible attachment
Irreversible attachment
Microcolony formation
3S structures (stalks n towers) form
Dispersion or detachment of bacteria
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16
Q

Quorum sensing system 2 types

A

Las
Rhl
Both use acyl homoserine lactomes as signalling molecules

Promote formation of biofilm

17
Q

Ahl system

A

Ahl activates nf-kb protein complex
Produces cox2
That results in prostaglandin production
This induces mucous secretion vasodilation and edema

Ahl induces apoptosis of neutrophils and macrophages
Ahl increases production of inflammatory cytokines

18
Q

Alginate is made of — and fx

A

D mannurinic acid
L glucuronic acid

Fx to anchor bacterial epithelial cell and to mucin
Protects from deposition opsinozation n phagocyte engulfment

Associated with chronic infx

19
Q

Exotixin a

A

Enzyme
Immunosuppressant
Causes cel death by disrupting actin
Contributes to pathogen entry

20
Q

Infx by injection

A

Exoenzymes s t u y
Introduced directly from bacterial cytosol into host cytoplasm
Requires direct cell contact

21
Q

ExoS

A

Disrupt cell machiney
May activate monocytes

Targets endosomes and Golgi and ER

22
Q

ExoU

A

Cleaves membrane phospholipids

23
Q

Type 3 secretion system results in

A

Epithelial cell damage - facilitates bacterial spread n tissue invasion plus necrosis
Epithelial cell death - translocation of pore

Done by exoS&U

Happens when proteins are introduced to target cells

24
Q

Elastases

A

Cause spread of infx
LasA n LasB act together to degrade elastin and damage elastin containing tissues

Cause damage to lung parenchyma

Alkaline protease cause tissue destruction
Phospholipase C is heat liable hemolysin that causes tissue destruction
Rhamnolipid is heat stable hemolysin

25
Q

Acute infx

A

Tissue damage by proteases and toxins

Cell to cell signalling allows for cell density dependent production of extracellular factors

26
Q

Chronic infx

A

In cystic fibrosis
Alginate protects from host
Low production of extra virulence factors

Tissue damage due to chronic inflammation

27
Q

Pneumonia

A

1’ cause is bacterial invasion

2’ cause is bacteremia

28
Q

Clinical manifestations

A 
Swimmers ear
Eye infx 
Skin folloxulitis 
Cns - meningitis n brain abscess
Endocarditis- heart valves
Pneumonia
Bone n joint infx
Urinary tract infx
29
Q

Treatment

A

Combined use of antibiotics

Monotherapy good for some strains

30
Q

Resistance

A

Intrinsic or acquired

Micro (9 decks)

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