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Micro > Herpes > Flashcards

Herpes Flashcards

1
Q

Macule

A

Smooth area of colour change less than 1.5cm

Patch is a larger area

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2
Q

Papule

A

Solid RAISED spot on skin <1.5cm

Larger= plaque

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3
Q

Nodule

A

Circumscribed(within limits) elevated solid lesion <1cm

Larger is tumour

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4
Q

Postule

A

Circumscribed collection on leukocyte

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5
Q

Herpes labialis

A

HSV1
Orofacial disease - gingivostomatitis
Common manifestation recurrent

Postules/vesicles around lips

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6
Q

HSV1 common manifestations

A

Ocular keratoconjunctivitis

Gingivostomatitis

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7
Q

Type 4 herpes - Epstein Barr virus

A

Mononucleosis or kissing disease

Fever fatigue sore throats swollen lymph glands

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8
Q

Type 5 cytomegalovirus

A 
Mainly in immuncompromised ppl
ENCEPHALITIS 
Retinitis 
Pneumonia
Gastroenteritis

Cytomegalic means enlargement of cell

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9
Q

Type 4 Roseola

A

Acute disease in infants and kids
High fever
Trunk rash limbs neck face
May play role in MS in adults

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10
Q

Type 7

A

Febrile illness similar to measles

Concussions due to ENCEPHALITIS

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11
Q

Type 8

A

Kaposis sarcoma (malignancy of blood vessels)
Primary lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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12
Q

Type 3 varicella roster

A

Chicken pox n shingles

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13
Q

Type 2

A

Genital herpes

Transmitted to babies 25-50%

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14
Q

General herpes properties

A 
Able to establish latent infection
Induce cell mediated immunity
Mode of replication 
Virus morphology 
Alpha beta gamma

Double stranded
Spherical virion

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15
Q

Alpha herpes

A

Cytolytic
Live in neurons

HSV1 hsv2 varcella zoster

Cytolytic means destruction of cell

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16
Q

Beta herpes

A

Cytomegalic (enlargement of cell)

Live in mononuclear cells /glands/ kidneys

Cytomegalovirus, type 6,7

17
Q

Gamma herpes

A

Lymphoproliferative

Live in lymphoid tissue blood vessels

Epstein Barr virus
Kaposis sarcoma

18
Q

HSV 4 basic structural elements

A

Electron opaque core contains DNA
Icosahedral capsid surrounding core
Tegument- unstructured proteinacous layer surrounding capsid
Outer lipid bilayer with spikes on surface (envelope has 11 glycoproteins)

19
Q

Important tegument proteins

A

Surround the capsid

Involved in initiation of replication
VP16 virion transactivator (aka alpha-TIF)

Virion host shut off protein VHS

20
Q

Steps for fusion (1’pathway)

A

Viral envelope fuses w cell membrane

Capsid transported to nucleus via microtubular network

Capsid fuses w nuclear pore

Viral DNA is released

21
Q

Secondary pathway for entry

A

Endocytosis of enveloped capsid

Receptor dependent fusion of envelope w membrane of endocytic vesicle

Capsid has to be released from envelope and the membrane it got from the cell membrane durin endocytosis

22
Q

How virus envelope interacts with cell surface - glycoproteins

A

Binding of gC and gB to cell GAGs

gD interacts with specific receptors to allow for fusion of envelope to plasma membrane

23
Q

VHS

A

Turns off host protein synthesis
Degrades host mRNA

Released from tegument

24
Q

Alpha TIF or VP16

A

Imitates transcription of immediate early genes

Released from tegument

25
Q

Once at the nuclear pore viral replication step: TREE

A

Transcription of genes
Relocation of dna
Encapsidstion - pack DNA
Egress of virion out of nucleus

26
Q

Immediate early protein alpha

A

Regulate viral replication

27
Q

Early protein beta

A

Make and pack dna

Uses viral DNA polymerase

28
Q

Late proteins gamma

A

Involved in capsid formation

29
Q

How does latent infections happen

A

Some of the viral DNA is made to heterchromatin (inaccessible to DNA binding factorS)

Results in latency associated transcript lat RNA

= latent infection

VP16 activation will cause reactivation = acute infection

30
Q

Epithelial lyric infection

A

VP16 and host cell factors go to nucleus

IE genes are expressed

VP16 n icp0 infected cell protein decrease heterochromatin infx

Genome associates w euchromatin

Active gene expression

31
Q

Neuronal cell latent infx

A

VP16 goes to cytoplasm

lat promotes heterochromatin formation

Genomes associates w heterochromatin

Silence of gene expression

32
Q

Syncytium

A

Formation of multi nucleate enlarged cells due to fusion of infected cell w neighbouring cells
Allows spread of viral proteins

33
Q

Trigeminal ganglion

A

Primary site for latency of HSV1

34
Q

Sacral ganglion

A

Primary site of latency for hsv2

35
Q

Clinical manifestations of HSV1

A

Herpes labialis -cold sore

Eczema herpeticum - loss of large area of epithelium. Loss of body fluids. Causes secondary bacterial infections

Meningoencephalitis - can be fatal

Eye- blepharitis and keratoconjunctivitis

Micro (9 decks)

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