Stalin 28-41 collectivisation and economy

Question 1

what is a kolkhoz

Answer 1

It is a collective farm ran by a committee
50-100 households put together
Tools and resources are pooled and farmed as one long unit

Question 2

Forced collectivisation

Answer 2

decided that the elimination of the kulaks and forced collectivisation would get the peasents under control

Question 3

collectivisation effect on economy

Answer 3

hoped that it would stimulate more exports and output
create larger harvests as a state and a surplus

Question 4

25,000er’s

Answer 4

ordered by the central commitee to recurit 25 thousand industrial workers along with police units ans told not to come back till organised a collective farm

Question 5

Why did stalin have to call halt on the collectivisation process

Answer 5

Because it was very disruptive for grain production

Question 6

pradva- dizzy with success speech

Answer 6

Hypocritically stated that collectivisation should not be forced and accused officials and local authorities of excessive zeal

Question 7

what happened between march and june

Answer 7

collective households fell from 58- 20 percent

Question 8

collectivisation offensive

Answer 8

went to 90 percent

Question 9

How many kolkhoz by the end of the cO offensive

Answer 9

25 million households into 250,000 kolkhoz

Question 10

what was dekulakization ?

Answer 10

was central to the idea of collectivisation
but was really an attack on the peasantry class as a whole
to enforce fear and submission to the regime

Question 11

what is the definition of kulak

Answer 11

definition of a kulak was vague and elastic
anyone who opposed collectivisation was a kulak or an ideological kulak

Question 12

what happened to the kulaks

Answer 12

deported into inhabitable parts of the soviet 40,000
labour camps 30,000
shot (21,000)

Question 13

how did the kulaks contribute to industrialisation

Answer 13

set up industries in remote places
in labour camps building roads and canals

Question 14

1933 why did dekulakization come to a halt

Answer 14

because it was too disruptive

Question 15

dekulakization quotas

Answer 15

certain number of kulaks to find in certain regions, often exceeded to show the vigilance of the GPu’s

Question 16

examples of resistance of collectivisation

Answer 16

riots upscaled
25,000 peasants
main forms of resistance included
killing eating or selling kattler rather than handing them over to the state
burn crops and houses than hand over to the state

Question 17

women’s resistance to collectivisation

Answer 17

provided the most efficient form of resistance
calculated to stop grain req.
and to capture cattle back for example
troops found it hard to deal w women
organised and tactical

Question 18

Famine in 1932

Answer 18

man made famine in Ukraine
2.5 million deaths
due to a lot of exportation
people prevented from moving out to downplay the severity
started from a drought

Question 19

when was the Mir abolished

Answer 19

1930

Question 20

5 ears of corn

Answer 20

were arrested for ‘hairdressing’ the individual ears of corn. 1,000 imprisoned

Question 21

Kolkoz model statue

Answer 21

peasants can buy and sell private plots
provided a good source of income
but, an ideological failure
by 1941 100 percent of households collectivised

Question 22

First five year plan

Answer 22

Successes were
electricity production troubled
coal iron up doubled
engineering industry developed increasing output on machines and tools
huge new industrial complex were built good as Magnitogorsk
Failures were the one very little growth and even a decline in consumer industries
small workshops have squeezed out drive against nepmen
Lack of skilled workers
managers were desperate to achieve the target and resorting to bribery fault accounting and taking resources

Question 23

Second five-year plan

Answer 23

Successes were
electricity production continued to grow
by 1937 the USSR was self-sufficient in a machine making
there was some growth in consumer industries
but the weaknesses were overall consumer goods industries were still lacking behind
issue over quantity over quality remained resources were increasingly diverted to defence projects

Question 24

What happen in the second year planDuring the purges

Answer 24

They were disrupted

Question 25

Third year five year plan

Answer 25

Success is
continued growth and heavy industry

defence grew massively

the weakness it was the third time got cut off because of a harsh winter at the beginning of 1938

continue disruption caused by the purges

there was a fuel and oil crisis

significant disruption was caused by industries moving away from vulnerable western regions

Question 26

Five year plan conclusions

Answer 26

There had been a significant growth in heavy industry Russia

had called the great deal to Western powers in terms of industrial output

the Soviet state run economy fitted a communist ideology and had outperform the worst that had been hit by the Great depression in the 1930s

wage differentials emerged that didn’t match the ideology and were greater than those in the US

the military was much better equipped them before provide ability to drive back the Nazi invasion

consumer industry has largely been neglected

quality not quantity and system based on corruption became the norm as managers via the consequence of not meeting quoters