Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Tsarist and communist Russia 2 > Soviet terror > Flashcards

Soviet terror Flashcards

1
Q

How did Stalin react to initial reports of the impending German invasion

A

Stalin didn’t believe them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How much red Army units were destroyed at the beginning of World War I

A

319 red Army units destroyed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does Stalin do at the beginning of war where did he flee

A

He fled Moscow and went back to his hometown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What did the politburo do when Stalin left

A

They pleaded him to come back since they all depended on his leadership

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How much speeches darling make during the war

A

Nine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How did the speeches darling Madier in the war motivate the people

A

Addressing the people of citizens “comrades friends “ never have Stalin ever said this. converged with the public to create unity and encourage patriotism.
Patriotic duty through gunfire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Who was supreme military commander

A

Stalin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What was Stalin’s fault- his tactics during the war

A

He launched counter-attacks against the Germans rather than organising tactical withdrawals which would’ve benefited the red Army
Survival

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Through Stalin’s failed offensive attack how much men died

A

6 million men have been lost from the red Army

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How did Stalin unwillingness To listen impact the German invasion

A

The Germans advanced 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What was the crucial difference between Stalin and Hitler

A

Stalin learnt from his mistakes from 1942 onwards he listen to his generals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which generals darling listen to

A

Zhukov

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How did zhkov prove to stalin ? 

A

Planned a successful counter-attack at Stalingrad. It was able to convince stalin The importance to promote those with ability rather than loyalty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What was established in 1941 two main bodies

A

GKO and Stavka 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What was the GKO

A

It was used to replace the politburo on the Central committee to coordinate War effort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What was the stavka

A

High command of armed forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When was the height of Stalin’s power reached during the war

A

Through the establishment of the GKO and Stavka
Stalin’s power was unchallengeable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What was order 227

A

The NKVD brutally insured loyalty and commitment of both the Armed Forces order 227
NKVD officers would operate behind the front lines and shoot deserters and those who are retreated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Order 270

A

Stated that anyone who surrendered their enemy was considered a traitor and face the death penalty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How did propaganda play a central role during the war

A

The cult personality was by the promoted to boost peoples confidence darling have a great one leader who would lead them to victory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Effects of winning the war

A

Stalin regarded a superhero through propaganda through posters poets etc
Also an increase relation with the Communist Party and the military has 2.5 million members were from the armed forces this was significant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Opposition during the war there was barely any

A

Cossacks provided 250,000 men to the Germans mostly among national minorities prisoners are deserters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The Cheka under lenin

A

In December 1917 the check was created its job is to find and destroy any opposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Who was the Cheka led by

A

Felix dzerzinsky 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How was the checka ruthless

A

He was ruthless in pursuing perceived enemies of the Bolsheviks each region of Russia soon had its own branch across the country thousands were arrested

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

When did the checka expand

A

When Lenin disbanded the constituent assembly in January 1918 the Cheka along with the red army
crush any protesters during the Civil War 
the checka grow in size and influence unleashing a period of height of violence and repression called the red T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Figure of deaths for the Cheka between 1918 to 20

A

13,000 with some suggestions of a real figure is closer to 300,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Increasing opposition to the regime during Lenin from workers

A

Wanting Soviet elections free press the restoration of a constituent assembly and the overthrow of the Sovnakom 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Left-wing socialist revolutionaries under the red terror

A

Protesting about the treaty of Brest litov. They captured the head of the Cheka. In August there was an assassination attempt on Lenin who shot in the neck and badly wounded

30
Q

Increase of support for other socialist parties during the red terror

A

Social revolutionaries and Mensheviks both enjoyed a growth of support

31
Q

Cheka and the middle class

A

The checka
Encouraged class warfare threatening to wipe out the middle class

32
Q

I was terra use during lenin 

A

Was to frighten all the social groups into cooperation with the regime

33
Q

Who are the victims of the checka

A

Large numbers of workers and peasants as well as princes, priests ,prostitutes ,judges , merchants and even children- Who are found guilty of bourgeois provocation or counterrevolutionary activities

34
Q

Lenin apologiest for the use of terror

A

He was faced with enormous political and economic challenges during the Civil War and that the use of terror was a necessary response to the crisis

for example Lenin cannot be accused of personal cruelty the main argument for the terror was to protect the working class

Once the crisis has passed lenin defenders argued that he disbanded the checka in February 1922

35
Q

Critics of Lenin and the use of terror

A

Did you accept that the red terror was a temporary policy Born out of desperate circumstances

and although the checka was disbanded in 1922 it was immediately replaced by the GPU

36
Q

Stalin and the early purges:What happened when Stalin launched his policies of rapid industrialisation and collectivisation

A

In 1928 those who opposed fell foul of the secret police and the red Army

37
Q

How did collectivisation meet with resistance from thousands of peasants

A

Thousands were shot millions were arrested and taken to labour comes out the new industrial towns and cities to work as force labour in some extreme case of the Sobi airport was called the bum remote villages which refused to collectivise

38
Q

Examples of peasant resistance during collectivisation process

A

Very damaging to the Soviet agriculture with millions of animals being slaughtered and less grain being harvested however by 1934 this resistance had been crushed by the repetitive reactions of the Soviet regime

39
Q

I was the last of it opposition to the five-year plans

A

The implementation of the policy was accompanied by an increase in the level of terror anyone who tried to disrupt the new policy

40
Q

How was Terror used to motivate managers

A

To meet quotas
to meet the demanding targets out by the Gosplan

41
Q

Early show trials: skakhty show trial

A

In 1928
53 engineers from the coal mine in the caucas region were put on trial accused of counterrevolutionary activity as there had been a drop in production at the mine

42
Q

shakhty show trial what happend to them

A

The cues repeated confessions which had been forced out of them five are executed and 44 were in prison

43
Q

1930 industrial party

A

This trial it was alleged that a well organised group with members in top industrial and planning posts
and that the pair of foreign enemies of the Soviet Union was sabotaging the first five-year plan

44
Q

Menshevik trial

A

Leading figures in the earlier drawing up of the first five-year plan on the prosecution of directors now found themselves on trial because of their Menshevik background

45
Q

DA GUGLAGZ

A

In 1929 the prisoners of the USSR were full but more and more people are being arrested and sentenced to prison

which had first been developed by Lenin hundreds of new labour camps were built in remote areas of the USSR especially Siberia 

exploit the natural resources such as diamonds gold

By 1934 million prisoners

46
Q

Kirov and the great purge

A

murder of Kirov leads on to the great purge

47
Q

Jan - feb 17th party conference

A

Kirov is the star - 1934

48
Q

Who is kirov murdered by

A

Leonid 

49
Q

What happened to the NKVD after they failed to protect Kirov

A

Received a light sentence

50
Q

January 1935

A

zinoviev and kamanev arrested with 17 other

51
Q

1936 purge

A

11,000 arrests and 250,000 expulsions of the party members

52
Q

1936 z and K show trial

A

And 14 others

53
Q

NKVD swap- yogoda to…

A

Yezhov

54
Q

1938 yagoda…

A

Pleads guilty to letting leonid getting to kirov

55
Q

Theory A- acting alone?

A

Appear to be acting alone had both motive and opportunity to carry the murder

56
Q

Stalin orders the murder?

A

Had a number of motives:
Kirov spoke out against the force used against the peasants

KIrov was becoming more popular within the party - stalin became concerned

57
Q

The show trial of kamenev and zionev

A

Both confessed to being involved in Trotskyite plot to overthrow Stalin in the murder of Kirov they were both shot after the trial

58
Q

show trial of bukarin, yagoda 1938

A

bukrain confessed in Plots against Stalin and was shot
Yo gods was arrested in 1936 and after torture he confessed to being a German spy murdering Kirov and murdering predecessor of nkvd, his family was also shot 

59
Q

Stalin’s motive for show trials

A

1936 to 38
Stalin believed in the show trials and wanted an escalation in the level of state terror in order to consolidate his political control

60
Q

How was yezhov able to undermine yagoda

A

Cultivating relationships with Stalin and the party members initionally

61
Q

Yezhovchina

A

Oversaw the most bloodthirsty period
nickmaamed the poisoned dwarf 
Admitted that the wave of terror about to unleashed would result in many innocent victims.

62
Q

July 1937 yezhov arrests

A

Draw an arrest list of 250,000 of anti-Soviet elements
Including scientist writers musicians and implemented the quoter system whereby each region had to arrest a certain number of enemies of the people either shot or labour camps

63
Q

Purge of the Red army

A

tuckachevsky
Heroes of the civil war and deputy, softy faces tried alongside many other top militarily leaders -35,00 imprisoned or executed



64
Q

Consequence of the purges of red army

A

Dramatically reduce the effectiveness of the armed forces the demise of tukachevsky Left a number of incompetent leaders whose knowledge of military tactics with limited and outdated

for example heavy emphasis was effectiveness of cavalry on the battlefield this is nonsense in opposition to the massive tank attack against the Nazis

65
Q

The purge of the communist party

A

Continually post in the 1930s for example at the ryutin affair then after the murder of Kirov

The peak came in 1938 when he was estimated that a fifth of the Communist Party expelled and thousands shot

66
Q

Old Bolsheviks

A

We are people who have joined the party before 1924 and could therefore remember a time when Stalin was not the all powerful dictator thousands by arrested and executed particularly at the show trials of Z and K 

67
Q

Delegates to the 1934 party congress

A

Delegates who had attended the 1934 party Congress were in danger and most had been arrested

68
Q

Party leadership- purge of the communist party

A

The terror concentrated the mind of a leading communists that the loyalty to stay in power was the best policy for staying in power

69
Q

The size of party after the purges

A

At 2.5 million in 19 35‘ x 19 39 had fallen approximately 1.5 million as a result of arrests and exec

70
Q

InCreasing centralisation under the page of the Communist party

A

Stalin and the politburo were very concerned that amount of resistance to the policies of industrialisation and collectivisation among regional party officials, terror
Was to bring much closer central control of a regional organisation

Tsarist and communist Russia 2 (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions