Stages of Fertilization - Figure 39.26 Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe what happens during days 1-2 after fertilization.

A

The first cleavage furrow extends between the two polar bodies. Later cuts are angled, so cells become asymmetrically arranged. Until the eight-cell stage forms, they are loosely organized, with space between them.

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2
Q

Describe what happens during day 3 after fertilization.

A

After the third cleavage, cells abruptly huddle into a compacted ball, which tight junctions among the outer cells stabilize. Gap junctions formed along the interior cells enhance intercellular communication.

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3
Q

Describe what happens during day 4 after fertilization.

A

By 96 hours there is a ball of sixteen to thirty-two cells shaped like a mulberry. It is a morula (after morum, Latin for mulberry). Cells of the surface layer will function in implantation and will give rise to a membrane, the chorion.

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4
Q

Describe what happens during day 5 after fertilization.

A

A blastocoel (fluid-filled cavity) forms in the morula as a result of surface cell secretions. By the thirty-two-cell stage, differentiation is occurring in an inner cell mass that will give rise to the embryo proper. This embryonic stage is the blastocyst.

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5
Q

Describe what happens during days 6-7 after fertilization.

A

Some of the blastocyst’s surface cells attach themselves to the endometrium and start to burrow into it. Implantation has started.

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6
Q

Describe what happens during days 10-11 after fertilization.

A

The yolk sac, embryonic disk, and amniotic cavity have started to form actual from parts of the blastocyst.

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7
Q

Describe what happens during day 12 after fertilization.

A

Blood-filled spaces form in maternal tissue. The chorionic actual cavity starts to form.

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8
Q

Describe what happens during day 14 after fertilization.

A

A connecting stalk has formed between the embryonic disk and chorion. Chorionic villi,which will be features of a size placenta, start to form.

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