[Chapter 5] Ground Rules of Metabolism

Question 1

Energy

Answer 1

the capacity to do work, constant with the universe, can be converted to different form

Question 2

Energy tends to disperse…

Answer 2

spontaneously

Question 3

1st law of thermodynamics

Answer 3

energy cannot be created or destroyed

Question 4

2nd law of thermodynamics

Answer 4

Entropy tends to increase

Question 5

Potential energy

Answer 5

Capacity to cause change

ex: ATP potential energy because of chemical bonds

Question 6

Kinetic energy

Answer 6

the energy of motion

ex: muscles

Question 7

Thermal energy

Answer 7

heat

Question 8

Entropy

Answer 8

measure of how much the energy in the universe or any part of it has been dispersed

Question 9

kilocalorie

Answer 9

the amount of energy it takes to heat 9000 g of water by 1 degree C at STP

Question 10

Reactants

Answer 10

Molecules that enter a reaction

Question 11

Products

Answer 11

Molecules that remain at the end of a reaction

Question 12

Reaction

Answer 12

Single event in which the reactant bonds are broken by the energy of product bond formation

Question 13

Endergonic

Answer 13

Energy requiring reaction’s net input

Question 14

Exergonic

Answer 14

Energy releasing reaction’s net release

Question 15

ATP

Answer 15

Aolenosine Triphosphate
Main energy carrier in cells
Accepts energy released by exergonic reactions
delivers energy to endergonic reactions
Nucleotide, all cells release it