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Child Language Acquisition > Stages of Development > Flashcards

Stages of Development Flashcards

1
Q

Pre-verbal stage - vegetative

A

Sounds of discomfort or reflexive actions (0-4m)

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2
Q

Pre-verbal stage - cooing

A

Comfort sounds and vocal play using open-mouthed vowel sounds (4-7m)

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3
Q

Pre-verbal stage - Babbling

A

Repeated patterns of consonant & vowel sounds (6-12m)

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4
Q

Pre-verbal stage - Proto-words/scribble talk

A

Word like vocalisations, not matching actual words but used consistently for the same meaning (9-12m)

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5
Q

Proto-word example

A

Using ‘mmm’ to mean ‘give me that’ as well as an accompanying gesture.

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6
Q

Lexical/Grammatical development - Holophrastic/one-word

A

One word utterances (12-18m)

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7
Q

Lexical/Grammatical development - Two-word

A

Two word combinations (18-24m)

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8
Q

Lexical/Grammatical development - Telegraphic

A

3+ words combined (24-36m)

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9
Q

Lexical/Grammatical development - Post-telegraphic

A

More grammatically complex combinations (36+m)

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10
Q

Phonological development - Plosives

A

Created when the airflow is blocked for a brief time

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11
Q

Plosives voiced and unvoiced

A

V: b, d, g
UV: p, t, r

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12
Q

Phonological development - Fricatives

A

Created when airflow is only partially blocked & air moves through mouth in steady stream

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13
Q

Fricatives voiced and unvoiced

A

V: v, ð  (THy), Z, ʒ (deluSion)
UV: f, θ (THigh), s, ʃ (SHip)

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14
Q

Phonological development - Affricates

A

When you put plosives and fricatives together

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15
Q

Affricates voiced and unvoiced

A

V: dʒ (Judge)
UV: ʈʃ (CHurch)

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16
Q

Phonological Acquisition sequence - 2 y/o

A

Phoneme - p, b, m, d, n, w, t

17
Q

Phonological Acquisition sequence - 2.5 y/o

A

k, g, h, ŋ (kiNG)

18
Q

Phonological Acquisition sequence - 3 y/o

A

f, s, j, l

19
Q

Phonological Acquisition sequence - 3.5 y/o

A

ʈʃ (CHurch), dʒ (Germ), V, Z, ʃ (fiSH), r

20
Q

Phonological Acquisition sequence - 4 y/o

A

ð  (smooTH), ʒ (beiGe)

21
Q

LOOK IN BOOK

A

HIGH LEVEL AND EXTRA NOTES

22
Q

Early phonological errors and example - Deletion

A

Omitting the final consonant in words. Eg. do(g)

23
Q

Early phonological errors and example - Substitution

A

Substituting one sound for another. Eg. ‘pip’ for ‘ship’

24
Q

Early phonological errors and example - Addition

A

Adding an extra vowel sound to the ends of words, creating a CVCV pattern. Eg. doggie

25
Q

Early phonological errors and example - Assimilation

A

Changing one consonant/vowel for another Eg. ‘gog’ for ‘dog’

26
Q

Early phonological errors and example - reduplication

A

Repeating a whole syllable
Eg. dada and mama

27
Q

Early phonological errors and example - Consonant cluster reductions

A

CCR difficult to articulate so children reduce them to units.
Eg. ‘pider’ for ‘spider’

28
Q

Early phonological errors and example - deletion of unstressed syllables

A

Omitting opening syllable in polysyllabic words
Eg. ‘nana’ for ‘banana’

29
Q

Theory: Explain ‘fis’ phenomenon

A

Dialogue based on research conducted in ‘60’s by Jean Berko & Roger Brown.
- Children may not be able to say words but can perceive them correctly mentally
- Disapproves Skinners imitation theory

30
Q

Theory - Alan Cruttenden (1974)

A

Found children below 7 were less skilled at interpretation of intonation then adults

31
Q

Language acquisition device (LAD)

A

Human brain inbuilt capacity to acquire language

32
Q

Universal Grammar

A

Explanation that all languages share the principles of grammar despite surface differences in lexis/phonology

33
Q

Phonemic expansion

A

Variety of sounds produced increases

34
Q

Phonemic contraction

A

Variety of sounds reduced to the sounds of the main language used

Child Language Acquisition (7 decks)

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